Bell Ringer 1. Motor neurons receive impulses from the muscles in order to regulate glandular secretions. A) True B) False 2. The nucleus of a neuron is always located within the cell body region. False Impulses within a neuron always travel from the dendrite towards the axons.

Topic 7 The Nervous System Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Seventh Edition Elaine N. Marieb Topic 7 The Nervous System Central Nervous System Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Central Nervous System (CNS) CNS develops from the embryonic neural tube The neural tube becomes the brain and spinal cord The opening of the neural tube becomes the ventricles Four chambers within the brain Filled with cerebrospinal fluid Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Cerebral hemisphere Outline of diencephalon Midbrain Cerebellum Brain stem (a) 13 weeks Figure 7.12a

Regions of the Brain Cerebral hemisphere Diencephalon Cerebellum (b) Adult brain Cerebral hemisphere Diencephalon Cerebellum Brain stem Figure 7.12b

Cerebral Hemispheres (Cerebrum) Paired (left and right) superior parts of the brain Include more than half of the brain mass Figure 7.13a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Cerebral Hemispheres (Cerebrum) The surface is made of ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci) Figure 7.13a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Lobes of the Cerebrum Fissures (deep grooves) divide the cerebrum into lobes Surface lobes of the cerebrum Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Lobes of the cerebrum Parietal lobe Left cerebral hemisphere Frontal Occipital lobe Temporal lobe Cephalad Cerebellum Caudal Brain stem (b) Figure 7.13b

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Specialized areas of the cerebrum Primary somatic sensory area Receives impulses from the body’s sensory receptors Located in parietal lobe Primary motor area Sends impulses to skeletal muscles Located in frontal lobe Broca’s area Involved in our ability to speak

Primary somatic sensory Gustatory area (taste) Posterior association Central sulcus Primary somatic sensory area Gustatory area (taste) Speech/language (outlined by dashes) Posterior association Visual area Auditory area Primary motor area Anterior association area • Working memory and judgment • Problem solving • Language comprehension Broca’s area (motor speech) Olfactory Premotor area (c) Figure 7.13c

Sensory and Motor Areas of the Cerebral Cortex Figure 7.14 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Specialized Area of the Cerebrum Cerebral areas involved in special senses Gustatory area (taste) Visual area Auditory area Olfactory area Interpretation areas of the cerebrum Speech/language region Language comprehension region General interpretation area Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings