State of Municipal Education in Mumbai December 2016

Total Students in Mumbai’s Municipal Schools 2011 - 2016 Year 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 Total Students 439,153 434,523 404,251 397,085 383,485 % Change in Total Students (Enrolments) Year on Year 0.3% -1.1% -7% -2% -3% 55,668 students have left municipal school system in last five years A decrease of 44,632 students i.e. 38% has been observed in Marathi medium from 2011-12 to 2015-16 (down from 1,16,086 to 71,454)

Change in Total Students 2008 to 2016 Year Total Students % Change Year on Year 2008-09 451,810 - 2009-10 455,900 0.9 2010-11 437,863 -4.0 2011-12 439,153 0.3 2012-13 434,523 -1.1 2013-14 404,251 -7.0 2014-15 397,085 -1.8 2015-16 383,485 -3.4 2016-17* 368,500 -3.9 2017-18* 350,957 -4.8 2018-19* 330,856 -5.7 2019-20* 308,198 -6.8 2020-21* 282,982 -8.2 *Estimated using time-series regression.

No. of students enrolled in Class I Percentage Change in Class I Enrolments 2008 to 2016 Year No. of students enrolled in Class I % Change Year on Year 2008-09 63,392 - 2009-10 67,477 6.4 2010-11 62,587 -7.2 2011-12 53,729 -14.2 2012-13 46,913 -12.7 2013-14 39,663 -15.5 2014-15 39,214 -1.1 2015-16 34,549 -11.9 2016-17* 29,199 2017-18* 22,583 -22.7 2018-19* 14,703 -34.9 2019-20* 5,558 -62.2 If 100 students enrolled in Class I in 2009-10, in comparison only 34 students are likely to enrol in 2016-17. Through a time series analysis, in our last year report, we had predicted that in 2015-16 the number of students in class 1 will be 38,329. The RTI (Right to Information) data reveals only 34,549 children. Capacity under-utilisation *Estimated using time-series regression.

Dropouts in Mumbai’s Municipal Schools 2011 - 2016 Year 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 Dropouts 32,580 40,011 47,218 51,741 57,788 Dropouts (per 100) 7 9 12 13 15 Total Dropouts in Semi-English schools   2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 No. of Schools 11 183 363 575 Standards 1st 1st to 2nd 1st to 3rd 1st to 4th No. of Students 576 7514 19427 39409 Dropouts 74 216 1149 3725 Dropouts per 100 13 3 6 9

Indicator : Schools with Infrastructure Facilities Available Compliance with Infrastructure and other norms under RTE (2014-15) Indicator : Schools with Infrastructure Facilities Available Govt. and Local bodies Private Aided Private Unaided Unrecognised Total Schools 1252 436 665 80 No. of Student 3,91,772 1,53,058 3,15,877 14401 No. of Teacher 12496 3600 6876 409 Building Number % 100% Office cum store cum HM room 1180 428 640 78 94.25% 98.17% 96.24% 97.50% One class room for every teacher 1002 281 288 58 80.03% 64.45% 43.31% 72.50% Ramp 1155 560 65 92.25% 93.81% 84.21% 81.25% Separate Toilet for Boys 419 626 96.10% 94.14% Separate Toilet for Girls 427 647 79 97.94% 97.29% 98.75%% Drinking Water Facility Kitchen Shed (Govt. &Aided Schools) 296 94 178 23 23.64% 21.56% 26.77% 28.75% Boundary Wall 1177 410 610 72 94.01% 94.04% 91.73% 90% Playground 1113 379 588 70 88.90% 86.93% 88.42% 80% 483,336 students & 10,885 teachers in Private Schools compared to 391,722 students and 12,496 teachers in MCGM schools

Particulars of Inspection Form Teacher Inspection Reports  Particulars of Inspection Form D Ward M/E Ward P/S Ward Dropout (Per 100) 20 24 Pass out (In %) 71 50 67 No. of teachers 100 1161 371 No. of teachers inspection reports provided 31 398 74 % 31% 34% 20% Usage of examples, case study while teaching Usage 94% 99% 97% Usage of Teaching/Aids (Equipment/material) Yes 64% 85% Student Involvement Good 92% Formative Evaluation Technique Used 96% Teacher Student Interaction good 87% 81% Entries in the daily lesson plan and actual teaching Proper 83% 93% Self-evaluation by the teacher 32% 21% 41% Prepared test papered or question paper Prepared 74% 98% Teacher’s Portfolio 48% 68% 61% Subject wise student’s response 77% 71% 91%

E2 (continuously absent) Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) refers to a system of school-based assessment of students that covers all aspects of students' development introduced under Right to Education Act. Wards 4th Standard (No. of students in %) 7th Standard (No. of students in %) Above 60% (A1, A2, B1, B2 grades) 60% to 40% (C1, C2 grades) Less than 40% (D, E1, grade) E2 (continuously absent) 60% to 40% (C1, C2 grade) D, M/E, P/S 51.3% 14.0% 3.6% 31.2% 54.9% 18.8% 3.7% 22.7% E2 grade is given by MCGM to students who are continuously absent i.e. dropouts as earlier maintained. If the CCE grades for only the regularly going students is taken, then 95% students are performing between A and C grades Note: Above data has been compiled from two datasets, data on CCE reports and continuous absent students.

Comparison of SSC results between students of MCGM and Other Schools Indicators MCGM Other Schools* SSC Passout (2015-2016) 72% 86% *Other Schools- Private aided, Private Unaided and Unrecognised Schools

Comparison of Scholarship exam results between students of MCGM and Private Schools Year MCGM School Private School Candidates Appeared Scholarship Holders Scholarship Holders in % Middle School Scholarship Examination (4th Standard) 2014-15 5,634 88 1.6% 19,351 1,889 9.8% High School Scholarship Examination (7th Standard) 3,799 12 0.3% 18,284 1,605 8.8% Note: The scholarship exam for the academic year 2015-16 has not been conducted.

Annual Municipal Budgets 2008-2017 Year Total Annual Budget (Rs. in crores) Total Students 2008-09 911 451,810 2009-10 1,255 449,179 2010-11 1,761 437,863 2011-12 1,800 439,153 2012-13 2,388 434,523 2013-14 2,613 404,251 2014-15 2,773 397,085 2015-16 2,630 383,485 2016-17 2,567 383,485* (*): Total No. of Students for 2016-17 have been kept constant as of 2015-16 for estimation purpose

Per-child allocation (In Rs.Crore) Account Head Budget Estimates 2015-16 Actual expenditure 2015-2016 Budget Estimates 2016-17 Total Education Budget (Primary and Secondary) 2,630 1,779 2,567 Less: Grants to Private Primary aided School 256 254 300 Total 2,374 1,524 2,267 Total students 383,485 Per Child Allocation* (in rupees) 52,326 36,807 49,835 (*): After deducting grants to private primary aided schools and capital expenses

Data from Household Survey Praja Foundation had commissioned a household survey to Hansa Research. The survey was conducted in March-April 2016 across the city of Mumbai with a total sample size of 25,215 households. Of these, 2,676 households had children going to school. Hence, the education questionnaire was administered further with those (2,676) households only.

Reasons for not being happy with Municipal School (%) Quality of education (55%), Future scope is very limited (46%), and Facilities provided to students (45%), form the three big reasons cited by parents for not being happy with municipal schools.

Respondent taking private tuitions/coaching classes:   All Private School Municipal School Yes 63 66 49 No 37 34 51 Two-third parents send their child for private tuitions. Details on source of Tuitions: All Private School Municipal School School Class teacher 7 6 13 Private tuitions 86 88 71 Coaching classes 5 4 Others 2 12 71% Municipal school students are taking private tuitions.

Deliberation by Councillors on Education (April 2015 and March 2016) 193 questions were asked by MCGM councillors on education in all meeting of corporation Only 8 councillors have asked more than 4 questions on education 158 councillors did not ask even a single question on education Anil Trimbakkar has asked highest questions (37) in education committee Total number of dropouts in academy year 2015-16 were 57,788 yet only one question has been asked on Drop out rates In 2013-14, vinod shelar asked maximum questions on education (9); in 2012-13 ajanta yadav and priyatama sawant (8 each)

Deliberation by Mumbai MLA’s on Education (Monsoon 15 and Winter 15 Sessions) Highest number of questions on education was asked by Amin Patel (163) Ramchandra Kadam, Ramesh Latke, and Selvan Tamil did not ask a single question on Education Out of the total 534 questions asked by MLA’s on Education only 95 questions were asked related to Education in Mumbai Only one questions was asked each on dropout rate, primary education, secondary education and vocational training for differently abled by MLAs

What Needs to be Done Accountability in Education Department. Appoint independent third party, to monitor and evaluate learning outcomes of students. Empower and Strengthen School Management Committees (SMCs) to improve accountability at the school level. Focus on teacher trainings, SMC trainings and capacity building; free teachers from unnecessary administrative duties Rigorous filling out of Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) reports and Inspection reports. Link reports with performance appraisal of respective teachers. Strengthen Data management systems especially the Research Officer’s wing, for better planning and implementation. Providing quality education is the duty of the Corporation. Quality of education should be the only paramount focus of the Corporation.

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