The Range of Disease Activity #31 Created by: Mrs. Hunter

What is a disease outbreak? ANSWER: A disease outbreak happens when a disease occurs in greater numbers than expected in a community or region or during a season. An outbreak may occur in one community or even extend to several countries. It can last from days to years. Sometimes a single case of an infectious disease is considered an outbreak. This may be true if it is an unknown disease, is new to a community, or has been absent from a population for a long time. If you observe what you think might be a disease outbreak, report it right away to your doctor or public health department.

What is an epidemic? ANSWER: An epidemic occurs when an infectious disease spreads rapidly to many people. For example, in 2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (S.A.R.S.) epidemic took the lives of nearly 800 people worldwide. Examples in U.S. include West Nile Virus or Lyme Disease

What is a pandemic? ANSWER: If an epidemic covers a large area, such as an entire country, continent or the whole world, it is called a pandemic. A pandemic is a global disease outbreak.  HIV/AIDS is an example of one of the most destructive global pandemics in history. The best known pandemic in history is often referred to as The Bubonic Plague or The Black Death. This disease was transmitted to humans by flea bites. It was so contagious that anyone who came in contact with an infected person could contract the disease.

Influenza pandemics: Influenza pandemics have occurred more than once. Spanish influenza killed 40-50 million people in 1918. Asian influenza killed 2 million people in 1957. Hong Kong influenza killed 1 million people in 1968. An influenza pandemic occurs when: A new subtype of virus arises. This means humans have little or no immunity to it. Everyone is at risk. The virus spreads easily from person to person, such as through sneezing or coughing. The virus begins to cause serious illness worldwide. With past flu pandemics, the virus reached all parts of the globe within six to nine months. With the speed of air travel today, public health experts believe an influenza pandemic could spread much more quickly. A pandemic can occur in waves. And all parts of the world may not be affected at the same time.

This notice will appear in Sunday’s Task You are a newspaper reporter. A terrible outbreak, epidemic or pandemic, of your infectious disease has been suspected. Your job is to use one of the web links provided and a print source (books or encyclopedias) to complete the Disease Research Report worksheet. Then, you must create a public service announcement using Microsoft Word to warn the people of Westmoreland County of the potential dangers. This public service announcement may be a cartoon, billboard (poster), newspaper or magazine advertisement, brochure (created in Publisher), or a Power Point. This notice will appear in Sunday’s

Gathering Information: You will take notes on this document while researching your topic.

Process 1. National Center for Infectious Diseases In addition to a book source, you may use the websites listed to gather additional information. Websites: 1. National Center for Infectious Diseases http://www.cdc.gov Click on the CDC A-Z index on the right side 2. Medicine Net http://www.medicinenet.com Use the search window on right side 3. Mayo Clinic http://www.mayoclinic.com Use the search window 4. Kids Health http://www.kidshealth.org/ click for kids and then use search window 5. eMedicine http://www.emedicine.com/ use the search icon on right side

Choose one of these choices to present your research.

Cartoon Example from Textbook Located on my website under Unit C Activity 31. You may only use 6 blocks to your cartoon. 1. I'm about six years old and I'm outside playing ball with a friend. All of a sudden I start to feel HOT! 2. A few hours later, I'm hotter. I'm itchy, and I have a headache. 3. Mom takes one look at me and finds spots: "I think you have the chicken pox," she says. 5. Doctor says— "NO SCHOOL until he scabs up! We don't want to give the chicken pox to others. Don't let him scratch either. Acetaminophen, oatmeal baths and calamine lotion might help him feel better." 4. She calls the doctor and explains my symptoms. 6. So I feel awful and I'm itchy, but I get to stay home from school and watch T.V. for almost a week!

Newspaper or Magazine Advertisement: Open the document titled “Public Service Announcement Blank Template” from my website under Unit C Activity Documents and then under Activity 31. Be sure to save your document under your folder on the network often.

Scoring Guide: Communication Skills (CS) What to Look For: Response uses communication skills to present ideas in the following formats: • written (e.g., report): sentence structure, grammar, spelling • oral (e.g., presentation): enunciation, projection, and eye contact • visual (e.g., poster): balance of light, color, size of lettering, clarity of image • multimedia (e.g., computer slide show): effective use of available technology Level 4 Student accomplishes Level 3 and enhance communication in some Above and beyond significant way, such as: • using additional images or diagrams effectively • using additional formats of communication effectively Level 3 Student communicates ideas clearly with few or no technical errors. Complete and correct Level 2 Student may have several technical errors Almost there BUT they do not prevent the audience from understanding the message. Level 1 Student’s communication is unclear On your way OR many technical errors seriously distract the audience from understanding the message. Level 0 Student’s response is missing, illegible, or irrelevant. X Student had no opportunity to respond.