MeV Ion Microbeams and Radiation Biology at the University of Surrey Geoff Grime, Norman Kirkby, Karen Kirkby and Roger Webb University of Surrey Guildford, U.K.

Guildford

Surrey involvement in CELLION Four academic staff: Dr Geoff Grime Dr Karen Kirkby Prof. Roger Webb Dr Norman Kirkby Three Research Centres: Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics Ion Beam Centre Process and Information Systems Engineering Research Centre

The University of Surrey Ion Beam Centre Established as a centre for ion implantation and semiconductor device development 1978 Established as a UK National Facility for Ion Beam Applications 1980 – 1990s Development of ion implantation from 2 keV to 2 MeV using a variety of accelerators Development of ion beam analysis (esp. RBS) using 2 MV Van de Graaff and 10 mm scanning microbeam Some biological applications (mainly relating to diffusion in skin and hair) 2001 Installation of new 2MV tandem accelerator and OM microbeam system 2002 GWG transfers from Oxford: New initiatives in beamline development and biological application programme 2004 CELLION UK Research Network on Biological Applications of MeV Microbeams (starting in May 2004)

Ion Beam Centre staff in CELLION Dr Geoff Grime Techniques for focusing MeV ion microbeams Development of PIXE analysis Trace element microanalysis of cells and tissue using PIXE and RBS Dr Karen Kirkby Ion beam modification of materials Coordination of UK Research Network for ion beam applications in biological sciences Prof. Roger Webb Modelling of ion-solid interactions Director of Ion Beam Centre

Ground plan of Ion Beam Centre (Feb 2004)

2MV Tandetron accelerator

RBS chamber and microbeam

New external beam (Feb 2004)

New developments planned (short term): Major initiative to enhance spatial resolution New beamline 100nm for full current modes <20 nm for low current modes Develop new techniques Precisely positioned single ions High aspect ratio nano-fabrication Enhance the facilities State of the art sample positioning on all beamlines including existing microbeam High quality video imaging to assist in sample positioning and location Remote access and control

Proposed nanobeam line

Nanobeam development Requirements < 100nm resolution (full current) < 20 nm resolution (single ion mode) Issues to address: Slit/gas scattering Long working distance (to aid design of general purpose sample chamber) Accurate scanning Single ion capability (Precisely Positioned Single Ions) Cell irradiation in horizontal geometry Progress to date Graduate student working on beam optics Investigation of two-stage system

Multi-stage lens system High quality intermediate image Aperture at intermediate image removes halo from slit scatter High overall demagnification so large object aperture (to minimise slit scatter) Final stage can have long working distance to simplify design of target chamber

Horizontal (in vacuum) nanobeam – design concept

Long term plans

Side view of vertical beamline Ion focusing system suspended in vertical column isolated from rest of building Workstation (microscope,sample stage, detectors etc.) on upper level of extension Remote operation (via internet) Concrete columns Existing accelerator hall 90 degree magnet 0 degree beamline

Cell Cycle Model University of Surrey Dr Norman Kirkby Developing techniques for modelling cell cycle dynamics in conjunction with Gray Cancer Institute and other academic and clinical organisations Mitosis DNA Synthesis First Gap Phase Second Gap CelCyMUS

Cell Cycle Model University of Surrey Modelling & Experiments Novel Bioreactors Reactor Control Non-linear Dynamics Medical Applications

Further work on cell cycle modelling Dr Norman Kirkby Models of DNA damage and repair Models of phase extension while damage is repaired Models of mitotic and apototic death Models of cell signalling during the above Multi-scale modelling of radiotherapy: gene expression to patient outcome

Interaction with CELLION Ph.D. student working at the interface between cell cycle modelling and experimental irradiation Postdoctoral RA working on the design and commissioning of the horizontal nanobeam Sharing experience – networking!

MeV Ion Microbeams and Radiation Biology at the University of Surrey Geoff Grime et al. University of Surrey Guildford, U.K.