2 Lessons

Change over time – Discussion task / homework Hitler arrested after the failure of the Munich Putsch, November 1923. In your pairs, decide on the 5 events/factors that you think allowed this change to occur Hitler Chancellor of Germany, January 1933 Feedback to all - class discussion.

How did Hitler turn the Chancellorship into a dictatorship by 1934? - to analyse the factors that helped Hitler become a dictator in 1934.

Der Fuhrer HITLER BECAME CHANCELLOR THE REICHSTAG FIRE THE ENABLING ACT / ARTICLE 48 Der Fuhrer OATH OF LOYALTY TO HITLER THE NIGHT OF THE LONG KNIVES DEATH OF PRESIDENT HINDENBURG

Starter….A thinking challenge When the slide is paused you must think of one question that you would like to ask and write it down. (slides 7, 8, 9, and 11) You can choose straightforward questions such as what, or who or more developed questions such as why.

Hitler became Chancellor The depression after the Wall Street Crash made many more people vote for the Nazis. In 1933 Von Papen convinced Hindenburg that Hitler should become Chancellor. Hitler became Chancellor January 1933

The Reichstag Fire February 1933

The Reichstag Fire The Reichstag building burnt down. A communist was found inside the building. He admitted responsibility. Chancellor Hitler was able to convince people that the Communists were trying to take power by terrorism. He was able to have the Communists banned from the Reichstag. February 1933

The Enabling Act / Article 48 With the Communists banned from the Reichstag Hitler was able to pass: HITLER CAN RULE ALONE FOR FOUR YEARS. THERE IS NO NEED TO CONSULT THE REICHSTAG. March 1933

The Weimar Constitution Comment Article 1 The German Reich is a Republic. Political authority comes from the people Article 22 The Reichstag delegates are elected by Proportional Representation Article 41 The Reich President is elected by the whole of the German electorate Article 48 If public safety and order is disturbed or endangered the Reich President can rule by Emergency Decree. He can take the necessary measures to restore order.

THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS. SO, HE BANNED ALL OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES! KPD SPD DDP Zentrum

Political prisoners were put in concentration camps run by the S.S.

The Night of the Long Knives Now I have got rid of opposition political groups, I can now deal with opposition in my party. Ernst Rohm (an old friend), head of the S.A. is very unpopular with the German army leaders. They have the power to overthrow me.I’ve been worried about Rohm for a while, so this is a good excuse. June 1934

The Night of the Long Knives Hitler had to get rid of Rohm. He was too much of a threat. On the night of 30th June 1934 Hitler’s S.S. killed over 1000 SA members including Rohm. The army were pleased. Hitler had gained the support of the army.

The death of President Hindenburg A final note PRESIDENT HINDENBURG’S DEATH GAVE HITLER THE OPPORTUNITY TO COMBINE THE ROLE OF CHANCELLOR AND PRESIDENT. HE CALLED HIMSELF ‘DER FUHRER’. August 1934

Oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler Every soldier swore a personal oath of loyalty to ADOLF HITLER.

So, how did he become a dictator legally?

Der Fuhrer HITLER BECAME CHANCELLOR THE REICHSTAG FIRE THE ENABLING ACT / ARTICLE 48 Der Fuhrer OATH OF LOYALTY TO HITLER THE NIGHT OF THE LONG KNIVES DEATH OF PRESIDENT HINDENBURG

1933 1934 President President Chancellor Chancellor Reichstag 1933 1934 President President Chancellor Chancellor Reichstag Reichstag

Use page 202 of the WJEC textbook (start with “The Reichstag Fire, 27 February 1933”) Create your diagram on the A3 sheet to explain the different steps that Hitler took to achieve complete power Each box should have dates and keywords

Death of Hindenburg From Chancellor to Fuhrer Night of the Long knives The Enabling Law 1933 March election Reichstag Fire

Follow-up task Look again at the initial questions you created Which ones can you now answer? Or Look at the slide again and share with your neighbour more information and detail about that particular event.

Two Videos (on the next two slides) Can be anywhere from 2 minutes – 15 minutes – 30 minutes

Hitler: The Rise of Evil (5 minutes) 2:16:03 (start of Fire)-2:18:35 2:30:00-2:32:00 (Rohm death – Hindenburg death – Hitler Fuhrer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSjkpaXlXIE Reichstag Fire Enabling Act Night of the Long Knives Death of Hindenburg Hitler becomes Fuhrer

The Rise of the Third Reich (1:26:27) https://www. youtube. com/watch 13:45 – Wall Street Crash 20:10 –** 10th Feb 1933 Hitler Chancellor 1st speech (good place to start depending on time) 24:10 – Reichstag Fire - after covers Enabling Act 34:30 - Boycott of Jewish business 37:00 – Concentration Camps 39:00 – Jan 1934 43:30 – Rising support 49:10 – Party Rally on calendar Sept 1934 – Triumph of the Will 54:00 – Sept 1935 – Speech Jewish Problem 56:20 Summer Olympics 1:02:00 – Hitler Youth 1:06:00 – Aryan Master Race 1:11:00 – taking over Austria – end of background & start of war