Why Italy?.

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Presentation transcript:

Why Italy?

The Renaissance… dictionary definition - a “rebirth” or revival historical definition - time period of revival in art, science, literature, and learning time period – 1000 A.D. to 1500 A.D. in Europe

Geography - Italy lies between Europe, Africa and Asia - lies in the Mediterranean Sea - Italy is a peninsula with a long coastline - lots of harbors, shipbuilding, and trade

Religion - Rome was the center of the Christian religion - called the “Roman Catholic Church” - Roman Catholic Church controlled by the “Pope” - politically powerful - “crown” rulers - “excommunicate” you - Catholics believed they should spread Christianity to others

The Crusades… - 1195 A.D. Pope Urban II called for a “holy war” or crusade to expel Muslims from the Middle East - protect and control the land where Jesus lived - the Crusades were a series of wars lasting over 200 years

Economics - Europeans traveled through Italy on their way to trade with Muslims or to fight in Crusades - Crusaders took Asian products from the Middle East back to their European families - Europeans wanted products such as: spices, jewels, silks, medicines, foods, etc.

More Economics - Italian merchants became “middlemen” - sold supplies and Asian products to Europeans and became very wealthy: - Italy’s economy “boomed” (improved); towns grew larger - the “middle class” grew larger… merchants, craftsmen, moneychangers, sailors, etc - Italians and Moslems controlled the trade routes between Europe and Asia; they also controlled the prices of products

Culture - wealthy Italians could spend money on: - essential items... food, shelter, clothing - non-essential items… art, music, education, architecture, travel, etc. - wealthy Italian “patrons” hired artists, teachers, musicians, athletes, etc.

History - Italians lived among the old Roman Empire - Surrounded by art, roads, libraries, coliseums, bathhouses, stadiums, etc. - Italians researched and revived the old Greek and Roman ideas – “classical” cultures - Italians wanted Italy to return to the “glory days” of the Roman Empire

Leap Frog Theory… - Renaissance ideas “jumped” from market to market, town to town, country to country by Crusaders, merchants, and travelers - Renaissance spread to other parts of Europe - universities were built all over Europe - Italian artists were hired to work for other European rulers in other countries

The Results… Three reasons drove men such as Christopher Columbus to go exploring… - desire for fame and fortune - to spread Christianity - to learn more about the earth