Secrets of the Ocean Our Evolving Knowledge of the Ocean

Bing in the Classroom program Resources 9/10/2018 11:54 PM Bing in the Classroom program Resources For Teachers  Experience Bing in the Classroom* http://aka.ms/bingteacherguide Bing Bell Ringer: http://aka.ms/bellringer Microsoft Educator Community: Access over 1.5 million educators globally, professional development courses and thousands of inspiring lesson plans, live lessons and virtual trips. https://education.microsoft.com/ Bing has Answers. Bing puts educational answers in your hands http://aka.ms/binghasanswers *US only © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean At a depth of 4290 meters, off the coast of Hawaii, the Okeanos Explorer discovered what may be a new species of octopus. This octopus has been dubbed Casper. What does the discovery of a new species mean for our knowledge of Earth’s oceans? Start class with this question to get students thinking. Sample answers could include: that we know very little about our ocean, or that new species can evolve due to changes in the environment. Students may also wonder what distinguishes a new species. © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Secrets of the Ocean Casper was discovered by NOAA’s Okeanos Explorer (an ROV – Remotely Operated Vehicle). You can find the press release here. The discovery of a new species is somewhat rare in modern times! Casper was found at a depth that is usual for octopuses similar to him. Humans keep discovering new information about our oceans, changing our perspective of it.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? These questions can be used or replaced with student generated questions that would help uncover an answer to the big question of, “How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time?” Depending on time and the amount of technology available, these questions could be approached in a number of ways. Each student, or each group of students could answer all the questions, or questions could be assigned to groups or individuals. Within groups, students could each approach a different question or perform different roles in answering each question. For example, one student could type, while others searched, and another could share their findings. Students could gather all the information they find in OneNote. © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Suggestions: Use OneNote to compile your findings. You could also use Excel to organize data and make calculations. 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

10 minutes Secrets of the Ocean 9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 10 minutes The amount of time you give students here is highly dependent on how they are grouped and how you have divided the questions. 10 minutes is probably sufficient time to answer one question, but is certainly not enough time to answer all the questions. © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? Possible Resources: http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/developing.html http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/edu/learning/2_midocean_ridges/activities/seafloor_spreading.html © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? Possible Resources: http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/vents.html http://ocean.si.edu/ocean-videos/hydrothermal-vent-creatures © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? Possible Resources: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_41 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2oKlKmrbLoU © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? Possible Resources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wo-bHt1bOsw https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/impacts/signs/oceans.html http://ocean.nationalgeographic.com/ocean/explore/pristine-seas/critical-issues-sea- temperature-rise/ © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Try working through the following questions related to our big question: How have our ideas about our ocean changed over time? 1 Search We once thought that the bottom of the ocean was a static, unchanging place. What evidence supported the idea of seafloor spreading and how did it change what we thought of the bottom of the ocean? 2 We used to think that all life required energy from the sun (either directly or indirectly) to survive. How did the discovery of deep sea vents change that? 3 Some new species are discovered because we happen to look in the right place, other species could actually be new. What determines if an organism is classified as a different species from another? How could a new species form? 4 The idea that humans can affect the climate of the entire planet is relatively new. How could climate change affect our oceans? 5 We used to think that liquid water could not exist in the farther reaches of our solar system. What do the moons Europa (of Jupiter) and Enceladus (of Saturn) tell us about oceans beyond Earth? Possible Answers: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/europa/overview.cfm http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/cassini-finds-global-ocean-in-saturns-moon-enceladus/ © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Your final task is to design an ocean exploration mission! There is much knowledge to be gained from the ocean. Your mission must either attempt to explore an interesting but relatively unknown part of the ocean, or monitor a known ocean feature for change as climate change progresses. Do you want to look for something related to ocean life? Geology? Chemical composition? Pollution? Climate Change? Will you look near reefs? Deep sea trenches? Hydrothermal vents? Near the poles? Near the equator? Will your mission be done by divers? By ROV? By ship? Submarine? Satellite? © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

9/10/2018 11:54 PM Secrets of the Ocean Your mission will be presented as a Sway webpage. It must include: The purpose of your mission. The location that your mission would take place and your reasoning for why that location was chosen. What you would hope to discover. What data you would collect. What types of people would you need to make your mission successful (what technical skills are needed)? Include a visual created by you (digital or hand-drawn) of what you would hope to see or discover. © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

What tools can help me reach my goals? Excel allows you to manage data, perform calculations and create graphs. OneNote allows you to keep a digital notebook that is accessible from many devices. Office Sway allows you combine text and media into a presentation worthy website. Office Mix allows you to turn a PowerPoint into a video by adding voiceovers, digital drawings, and more. © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.