The Roaring Twenties
Politics Red Scare: fear of communism Limiting immigration Palmer Raids: searched for communists, socialists, anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti Limiting immigration Klan rises Quota system: set a maximum # of immigrants per country
Klan Membership Numbers 1920 4,000,000 1924 6,000,000 1930 30,000,000 1980 5,000 2008 6,000
Politics cont. Harding Presidency Coolidge Presidency Fordney-McCumber Tariff: 60% import tax Scandal: Cabinet members were corrupt (graft, secretly leased reserved land for oil drilling) Died suddenly in office Coolidge Presidency Minimum government interference in economy
A Booming Economy Auto industry created need for new businesses Airplane industry: 1927 Pan American Airways Standard of living increased More free time Electrical conveniences: refrigerators, ranges, toasters, washing machine, vacuums, sewing machines Ability to buy on credit and use of the installment plan
Prohibition Lawbreakers Failure of Prohibition 18th Amendment (1920): The Noble Experiment Lawbreakers Speakeasies Bootleggers Organized crime: Al Capone Failure of Prohibition Not enough money to enforce laws Corrupt government/law enforcement Overturned in 1933 by the 21st Amendment http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5495694642849010868&ei=LqUGS5j5KpzcqgKWlrneDg&q=prohibition+1920s&hl=en#
Flappers New behaviors New style More independence since gaining the right to vote (19th amendment) Demanded same freedoms as men More rebellious: smoking, drinking, talking openly about sex, dancing New style Short hair, shorter dresses, more makeup http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8wedl_flappers-the-roaring-twenties_lifestyle
Flappers, cont. New job opportunities The changing family Clerical work, teachers, nurses The changing family Lower birth rate due to birth control Household labor decreased due to technology Greater equality in marriage Struggle w/ adolescent rebelliousness http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3svvCj4yhYc
Science vs. Religion Fundamentalism: Scopes Trial a literal interpretation of the Bible Rejected the theory of evolution Scopes Trial Law in Tennessee prohibited the teaching of evolution in schools William Scope challenged the law and was arrested Trial became known as the Monkey Trial Found guilty but later overturned on a technicality
New Heroes George Gershwin Charles Lindbergh Babe Ruth
Harlem Renaissance A movement of African American culture in music, literature, dance and art Jazz and blues Novels and theatre Resulted from the Great Migration, in which African Americans moved North for jobs Centered in Harlem, NY
Harlem Renaissance, cont.