Formal or Expressed Powers of the President

Commander in Chief Army and Navy State militias (National Guard) Commission all officers Why is the role of Commander in Chief important? Civilian Power over the military

Chief Executive “faithfully execute” the laws*** Grant pardons Nominate (appoint) Supreme Court justices and all other United States officers (senate approval)

Foreign Affairs Appoint ambassadors, ministers, and consuls Make treaties (Senate confirmation)

Legislative Powers Give State of the Union Showcase legislative agenda Recommend “measures” to Congress Convene both houses of Congress in special session Veto – Power of NO

With these Powers come a series of Checks on Presidential Power

Limits on Presidential Power (found in Art. 2) President elected indirectly by the people in the Electoral College House selects president in case of no majority in electoral vote Senate approves department appointments Senate consent of Supreme Court Justices Senate approves treaties and ambassadors Must deliver State of the Union

Checks by Congress (found in Art. 1) Indicate the category of presidential power that each check corresponds with: Make Laws Impeachment power (House) Impeachment trial (Senate) Override vetoes Declare War Control taxes and funding Make rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces

Checks by Judiciary (Art. 1 and 3) Judicial Review Chief Justice presides over Presidential impeachment trials Which branch of government has the largest role in checking presidential power? More specific?

Amendments limiting Presidential Power 12th- President and VP on separate ballots 20th- Jan. 20th ends term 22nd- term limits set (2 terms-8 years) 25th- Presidential disability and succession