Greenhouse gas emissions from paddy rice in Chile

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Presentation transcript:

Greenhouse gas emissions from paddy rice in Chile Country Report – Sara Hube and colleagues INIA-Chile July 13, 2016

Paddy rice role in world GHG emissions IPCC y FAOSTATS (2014)

Chilean GHG Inventory National Inventory of Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks (Non-Annex I country) Agriculture Enteric fermentation (CH4): Level 1 y 2 Manure management (CH4, N2O): Level 1 y 2 Rice cultivation (CH4): Level 1 Field burning agricultural residues (CH4, N2O, CO, NOX): Level 1 Agricultural soils (N2O): Level 1 Cotribución de arroz Gg línea base a ahora

National GHG emissions Agriculture Sector 1990 2010 Total (Gg CO2 eq) 10,710.2 13,825.6 Total contribution (%) 21 15 Increase over BL (%) 29% MMA (2014)

Paddy Rice contribution in Chile Cotribución de arroz Gg línea base a ahora MMA (2014)

Paddy Rice contribution in Chile 137.9 -24.7 % 103.8 MMA (2014)

Paddy Rice production in Chile Superficie para producción, promedio rendimiento 1970 a 2014 FAOSTAT (2016)

Paddy Rice production in Chile Regional area distribution (%) Yield per region (t ha-1) Flooded fields 1,546 farmers in 21,754.9 ha One crop per year (October – March) Average annual yield 5.069 t ha-1 Heavy clay soils, poor drainage Pruducción en chile Organic Mater 1.6 – 3.5% pH 5.5 – 6.5 All seed used in Chile has been generated by INIA, mainly for boiled rice and lately for sushi INN (2007)

Paddy Rice crop managament Rotation Rice-rice-rice Rice- natural grassland-rice Rice- natural grassland- NG-Rice Seeding system Conventional: seed pre-germinated, 5cm of water film, broadcast, 140-160 Kg ha-1. Direct Seeded: grain drill, later flooded Soil preparation Chemical fallow Straw incorporation Seeding time October Pruducción en chile

Paddy Rice crop managament Varietes Zafiro-INIA, Brillante-INIA, Cuarzo-INIA Fertilization Nitrogen Dose: 90-100 Kg de N ha-1 seeding, tillering, booting Phosphorus Dose: 60 kg P205 ha-1 At seeding Potassium Dose: 90 Kg de K20 ha-1 Harvest time March-april Pruducción en chile

GHG measurements in paddy rice fields 2014 - 2015 2013 Parral, Región del Maule 14,000 ha 60 % national production Parral, Región del Maule 14,000 ha 60 % national production Research Focus: Determine CH4 y N2O emissions for usual management practices Research Focus: Methodology implementation for CH4 emissions from a paddy rice soil Sitio experimental y foco

GHG measurements in paddy rice fields (Methodology) Static Chamber 60 x30 cm Plots 3 x 3 m 4 replicates per treatment Flooded during all season 3 deployment times (0, 20, 40 min) Variable sampling frequency according to managements Analysis by gas chromatography, Perkin Elmer Modelo Clarus 600 Results were analyzed by ANOVA

GHG measurements in paddy rice fields (treatments) 2013 kg N ha-1 2014 2015 92 184 0 + Straw 92 + Straw

CH4 emissions - 2013 season Flux of CH4 emissions The emission peak was during the flowering period, with no difference between treatments (P>0.05) Cumulative CH4 emissions No significant differences among N treatments (P>0.05)

CH4 emissions - 2014 season P>0.05

CH4 emission – 2015 season P<0.05 P>0.05

Overall CH4 emissions P>0.05

Overall N2O Emissions P>0.05

Informative activities &matirials

Thank you for your attention sara.hube@inia.cl; mparedes@inia.cl; malfaro@inia.cl