Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Silke Reinartz, Uwe Wager, Rolf Müller

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Tumor–Host Cell Interactions in Ovarian Cancer: Pathways to Therapy Failure Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Silke Reinartz, Uwe Wager, Rolf Müller Trends in Cancer Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 137-148 (February 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2016.12.005 Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Key Figure: Schematic Representation of Signaling Pathways in the Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment Impinging on the Response of Tumor Cells to Chemotherapeutic Drugs. (A) Clinically successful first-line chemotherapy (most patients) with few surviving tumor cells. (B) Disease progression during or shortly after chemotherapy due to genetically determined inherent resistance (small fraction of patients). (C) Cancer recurrence in initially responsive patients within 3 years (most patients) with two possible consequences (D and E). (D) Multiple cycles of tumor reduction and regrowth in relapsed patients due to transient resistance presumably controlled by microenvironmental cues. (E) Acquisition of a state of stable resistance largely driven by genetic alterations. Abbreviations: CAA, cancer-associated adipocyte; CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast; CD8+, cytotoxic T cell; Cys, cysteine; ECM, extracellular matrix; EGF, epidermal growth factor; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; GSH, glutathione; IFNγ, interferon-γ; IL-x, interleukin-x; L1-CAM, L1 cell adhesion molecule; MET, mesenchymal–epithelial transition; miR, microRNA; mTOR, mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin; NFκB, nuclear factor-κB; NK, natural killer cell; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKB, protein kinase B; ROS, reactive oxygen species; STAT, signal transducers and activators of transcription; SYK, spleen tyrosine kinase; TAM, tumor-associated macrophage; TGFβ: growth transforming growth factor β; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-α; Tu, tumor cell. Genes and proteins are named according to the HUGO gene nomenclature. References are quoted in the main text. Trends in Cancer 2017 3, 137-148DOI: (10.1016/j.trecan.2016.12.005) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure I Model Illustrating Different Mechanisms of Ovarian Carcinoma Chemoresistance. CTX, cyclophosphamide (chemotherapy). Trends in Cancer 2017 3, 137-148DOI: (10.1016/j.trecan.2016.12.005) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions