Patriots of the AR FOUNDING FATHERS George Washington Ben Franklin: Diplomat (France) Wrote Albany Plan of Union Thomas Jefferson John Adams

Causes of the American Revolution! The Beginning

French and Indian War “Seven Years War” Cause: Disputes over the Ohio River Valley War between French and British

French and Indian War “Seven Years War” Results: Colonists feel more like Americans and less like British subjects

French and Indian War “Seven Years War” Results: Gain land West of the Appalachian Mountains

King George’s PRETEND Fear Why do we care? King George’s PRETEND Fear “War with Native Americans over the Ohio River Valley”

King George’s ACTUAL Fear Why do we care? King George’s ACTUAL Fear “Colonists get more land therefore more POWER”

WHAT DOES THE KING DO???

Proclamation of 1763

Proclamation of 1763 Significance: Colonists cannot move WEST of the Appalachian Mountains Why you mad? Colonists are upset because they “pre-purchased” land they will never get to move to

After the War and Proclamation England is in debt Governments make money through taxes King’s Opinion Colonists should pay for the “protection” they were given

Sugar Act

“NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!” Sugar act of 1764 Why? King needs to pay back debt so he raises taxes on colonists Response: Colonists are furious and protest “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!” King repeals tax

Colonists are angry and harass tax collectors with this phrase: NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION Which means you can’t tax us without our consent representation in the taxes you are passing!

In the Colonies Taxation worked like this: King Taxes colonists Colonists protest and boycott Cycle of Taxation Parliament passes new tax King Repeals Tax The colonists don’t like the taxes passed in England. How could England have fixed this? Talk to your partner about what England could have done.

Causes of the American Revolution! Tension Builds

Stamp act of 1765 What is it? Tax on paper goods Colonial Response: Colonists organize “Stamp Act Congress” Organized boycotts and Stamp Act repealed

Sons of Liberty What does Liberty mean? “Sons of Freedom” they are men who want FREEDOM from Great Britain They try to get people to join their cause through using protests, boycotts, and violence Here soldiers have “tarred and feathered” some one who disagreed with them and are prepared to hang him.

Sons of Liberty Leader: Samuel Adams: Leader of the Sons of Liberty and the best “Propagandist” in all the 13 Colonies. Other leaders were John Hancock, Paul revere, and Patrick henry He even trained his dog to bite British Soldiers in Red Uniforms

Patriots of the AR SUPPORT Sam Adams Leader of Sons of Liberty Cousin of John Adams Haym Solomon Abigail Adams James Armistead

Quartering Act 1765 Cause: British soldiers are staying in colonies to be sure colonists don’t cross App Mts (Proc 1763) Significance: Colonists have to house British soldiers because there aren’t enough barracks Why could this cause a problem? Talk to your partner about the problems that this could bring to a household

Writs of Assistance 1767 Why? Colonists don’t want to pay taxes so they are smuggling goods What is it? British officers are given “writs” or permission to search any property they want Result: Colonists feel privacy was being violated.

Did you know? Today we have protection from this

Townshend Acts Why: England still needs to pay off debt What is it?: They put a tax on essential goods that are manufactured in England (glass, paper, gold, paint, lead, and tea). Response: Colonies ---boycott King-- repealed all EXCEPT the duty on (tax) on tea is (King wants to prove he still holds power)

What other boycotts have your learned about in history? The Sons of Liberty encouraged colonists to boycott (not buy) English goods. They hoped English Merchants would pressure the government to repeal the taxes. If trade were to decline sharply (which would happen during a boycott) then English business interest would be harmed financially What other boycotts have your learned about in history?

Boston Massacre Why? Colonists angry over infringements on their rights colonists confront British soldiers on a street in Boston What Happened? A Riot breaks out– British soldiers fire. 5 colonists die. African-American, Crispus Attucks is the first—martyr

Boston Massacre Propaganda Paul Revere creates an engraving that is distributed throughout the colonies; used incident to spread anti-British propaganda I was JUST walking my dog! Evil British!

Patriots of the AR ORATOR or AUTHOR Mercy Otis Warren Playwright Wrote anti-British and anti-Loyalist propaganda Patrick Henry Thomas Paine Paul Revere: Created “Bloody Massacre” Propagandist

Boston Massacre: Trial by John Adams When British Soldiers go on trial they are defended by well known lawyer John Adams Argued self defense All but one soldier is acquitted of fault “that law should be deaf to the clamors of the populace” “

Patriots of the AR FOUNDING FATHERS George Washington Ben Franklin: Diplomat (France) Wrote Albany Plan of Union Thomas Jefferson John Adams: Cousin of Sam Adams Defended Red Coats after Boston Massacre Wanted to get freedom but diplomatically

Mercy Otis Warren She was the first American female playwright (a writer of plays). She was friends with Abigail Adams and Martha Washington. She wrote anti-British and anti-Loyalist propaganda plays from 1772 to 1775. She inspired people to join the Patriot effort. “Mercy me! She’s very dramatic”