organization and jurisdiction of the federal court system *Objective 5.2 *Describe the organization and jurisdiction of the federal court system

punishment rehabilitation

protecting the public protecting the accused

U.S. District Courts

*the only type of federal court set up for trials *District Courts are… *the only type of federal court set up for trials

*the only federal courts with juries District Courts are… *the only federal courts with juries

*original jurisdiction District Courts have… *original jurisdiction

*there is at least one located in every state District Courts: *there is at least one located in every state

*A trial is held in the state where crime was committed District Courts *A trial is held in the state where crime was committed

District Courts are… *where 90% of work is done

*criminal and civil cases District handle both… *criminal and civil cases

*judges are appointed for life by President and approved by Senate District Court… *judges are appointed for life by President and approved by Senate

*District Court Officials *US Marshal – subpoenas, keep order, make arrests *Magistrate Judges – hear minor cases, send to grand jury *US Attorney – federal prosecutor

U.S. Court of Appeals

*one level above District Courts *Court of Appeals is… *one level above District Courts

*appellate jurisdiction Court of Appeals has… *appellate jurisdiction

federal regulatory agencies Court of Appeals… *only hears cases appealed from lower courts or federal regulatory agencies

Court of Appeals *There are 12 U.S. Court of Appeals Cover several states: called a circuit

*receives cases from the districts in its circuit each Court of Appeals… *receives cases from the districts in its circuit

Court of Appeals judges: *cases are review by a panel of 3 federal judges

*judges rule on whether rights have been protected and Court of Appeals … *judges rule on whether the defendant’s rights have been protected and if the trial was fair

THIS IS NOT A NEW TRIAL

*THIS IS A REVIEW of the DISTRICT COURT TRIAL

U.S. Supreme Court

U.S. Supreme Court in 2000

view from Chief Justice's seat

*the TOP federal court!!! District and Appeal Courts are LOWER COURTS *Supreme Court is… *the TOP federal court!!! District and Appeal Courts are LOWER COURTS

*hears only significant legal or Constitutional questions Supreme Court… *hears only significant legal or Constitutional questions

*Supreme Court rulings… *must be followed by the Legislative Branch & Executive Branch

*protected from politics therefore its hearings are fair Supreme Court is… *protected from politics therefore its hearings are fair

*Supreme Court has… *JUDICIAL REVIEW

(definition of judicial review) Supreme Court has… (definition of judicial review) *the power to overturn any law which is in conflict with the Constitution

*can review any federal or state law Supreme Court can… *can review any federal or state law

*9 members: 1 is “Chief Justice” 8 are “Associate Justices” Supreme Court has… *9 members: 1 is “Chief Justice” 8 are “Associate Justices”

Supreme Court justices… serve for life

Supreme Court justices… *may be impeached (accused) by House and tried (removed) by Senate

*in session on the 1st Monday in October through the following June Supreme Court is… *in session on the 1st Monday in October through the following June