XXX City Police Department In-Service Training Instructor

Instruction Topics O.C. Spray Baton Handcuffing The purpose of this class is to provide instruction on the above topics for in-service training.

O.C. Spray Oleoresin Capsicum

History In 1974, the first commercial OC product for law enforcement was developed in the garage of a Florida home. In the 1990’s the California Department of Justice & the California Enviromental Protection Agency conducted the most comprehensive test using; A water based 10% formulation A oil based 5% formulation

Contents Peppers are harvested. Solvents are added to help remove the oils,fats & waxes. (capsaicinoids) Solvents are removed and what is left is Oleoresin Capsicum in it’s purist state. The Oleoresin Capsicum is diluted to bring down it’s heat factor. Formulations are either oil based or water based. Oil = 5% Water=10% Standard OC for law enforcement has a capsaicinoid content of 0.1% to 0.98%

Physiological Effects Involuntary closure of the eyes. Involuntary extension of the hands to the face. A burning sensation and inflammation of the eyes, mucous membranes, and burning sensation to the skin and tissue. Secretion of excessive mucous from the nose. Shortness of breath. Tightness of the chest.

Psychological Effects Anxiety – the fear of the unknown Fear- is the confirmation of the unknown Panic – the reality of your fears

Levels of Contamination Level 1 – direct physical contact Level 2 – indirect or secondary contact Level 3 – area contamination Maintain a minimum of 3 feet spray distance

Use of Force The person using force has the burden of showing that such justification exists. OC spray is usually introduced when soft empty hand control did not work or cannot be applied. OC is used for the purpose of gaining control of the person. Once handcuffed, it is not recommended that OC be further deployed.

Elements of a Physical Encounter Observation- observe what you see Evaluating- professional opinion / professional facts Physical response- verbal commands, physical control, intermediate weapons

Decontamination Remove the subject from the contaminated area. Expose subject to fresh air. Have the subject stay still and breath normally. Flush eyes and face with water. Have EMS remove contacts Subjects who have history of heart, lung, diabetes or high blood pressure should be evaluated by medical personnel immediately. Recovery should be between 20 minutes and 1 hour.

Baton

Use of Force Considerations The manner in which a baton is used must be carefully considered. Used wrong, it can cause serious bodily injury or death. These two conditions are the foundation for the definition of “deadly force”. If you are not justified in using deadly force you can be held accountable.

Use of Force Considerations The baton is usually introduced when; Empty hand control has failed, or the officer believes that empty hand control will be insufficient to establish control. When the use of deadly force is not justified.

Drawing the Baton Snap the baton toward the ground at a 45-degree angle to insure the taper locks engage. Officers should avoid to open the baton horizontally to the ground or over the shoulder. Close the baton with a light tap of the tip on the ground followed by a second light tap of the tip.

Baton Stance Field interview stance- baton should be behind the leg of the side the baton hand is. Empty hand should be above the waste at chest level. Ready stance- the officer loads the baton on the outside of his/her dominant shoulder with the gripping end pointed directly at the subjects chin.

(Demonstrated by instructor & student) Blocks The use of the baton to the upper body should strictly be used for “blocking” only. The three blocks used are; Forward Fluid Shock Wave Forward Cutting Block Backhand Cutting Block (Demonstrated by instructor & student)

Blocking Target Points Median Nerve Motor Point Radial Nerve Motor Point

Strikes Strikes are to the lower body! The three striking methods are; Forward Fluid Shock Wave Forward Cutting Backhand Cutting Targets; Common Peroneal Nerve Motor Point Femoral Nerve Motor Point Tibial Nerve Motor Point (Demonstrated by instructor / student)

“Give voice commands during application of the baton”

Handcuffing

Types of Subjects You Handcuff Totally cooperative Potentially uncooperative Totally uncooperative

Tactical Considerations Approach to contact suspect standing / kneeling Suspect on the ground Suspect against an object Control upon touch Studies indicate that most resistance will come when the first handcuff is attempting to be applied. Speed in application Once contact is made, speed in application is very important.

Two methods of handcuffing Suspect is placed against an object. Wall - Car – Counter – Furniture Use verbal commands to place suspect in position Secure first hand to be handcuffed Draw handcuffs and handcuff first hand Secure second hand “Secure suspect before taking handcuffs out & handcuff before searching”

Two methods of handcuffing 2. Suspect is not against an object Officer approaches from the rear at a 45 degree angle Use verbal commands to position the suspect Suspect is to put feet together and bend at the waist Suspect is to bring his arms up to the back palms facing up Draw handcuffs and load Contact and handcuff (instructor will demonstrate / students will conduct drills)

“Always double-lock the handcuffs”