Unit 2 – Food From The Sea

I. Fishing Technology A. Three main types: 1. Rod and Reel Pro: -little to no bycatch -cheap Con: -can only catch one fish at a time -less $ for economy Drawing of an Example:

NATGEO’s Wicked Tuna Rod and Reel NATGEO’s Wicked Tuna Trolling

I. Fishing Technology 2. Nets Pro: -catch a lot -more $ for the economy Con: -a lot of bycatch -expensive (nets can break) Drawing of an Example:

Finding Nemo Nets

I. Fishing Technology 3. Traps/Pots Pro: -limited (medium) bycatch Con: -hit or miss Drawing of an Example:

Discovery Channel’s Deadliest Catch Traps (Pots)

II. Tragedy of the Commons A. Define: combined effects of the many that destroys a common resource

II. Tragedy of the Commons B. Describe the Tragedy of the Commons in terms of a possible real world marine example. Overfishing is a major global issue. Many fish populations have become severely depleted due to overfishing. One example is the population of cod off the Atlantic coast of the United States and Canada. Case Study: Atlantic Cod

III. Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) A. Define: maximum amount of a resource, that you can remove from an environment so there is no damaging effects on the environment

III. Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) B. Describe MSY in terms of a possible real world marine example. By the mid-1990s, New England’s populations of cod, various flounder, and other species, had reached record low levels.  As former Congressman Wayne Gilchrest (R-MD) once observed: “The collapse of the New England fishery is an example of what happens when we exceed the maximum sustainable yield of a fishery.” Georges Bank Yellowtail Flounder

III. Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) C. What could occur of MSY is exceeded? Tragedy of the Commons

IV. Mariculture Define: production of plants and animals in saltwater, controlled by a producer

IV. Mariculture B. Benefits: Sustainability: Helps satisfy fish demand by lessening the strain on stressed natural fisheries. Consistency: Natural fisheries have limitations on how many fish can be caught, and when to catch fish. Aquaculture can provide large and consistent quantities of fish and seafood. Demand: Helps marketplace meet current seafood demands.

IV. Mariculture Economy: Provides thousands of jobs; global fisheries trades now earn more revenue than any other traded food product in the world, including rice, cocoa or coffee. Environment: In cases where filter feeding shellfish, such as oysters, are maintained on site, water quality in ponds and lakes can improve.

IV. Mariculture C. Examples: Seaweed (brown, red, and green) Mollusks (clams, oysters, scallops, and mussels) Crustaceans (shrimp, crabs, lobsters, and crayfish) Finfish (Atlantic salmon, sea bass, yellowtail)