Lesson 9 (continued) Burns First Degree (superficial)- Involves only top layer of skin Skin is red and dry, usually painful and the area may swell Usually heals within a week without permanent scarring

Burns- Severity (continued) Second Degree (partial thickness): Involves the top layers of skin Skin is red; usually painful; has blisters that may open and weep clear fluid making the skin appear wet; may appear mottled and often swells Usually heals in 3-4 weeks and may scar

Burns- Severity (continued) Third Degree (full thickness): May destroy all layers of skin and some or all of the underlying structures Skin may be brown or black with the tissue underneath appearing white; pain level varies depending on nerve damage Healing may require medical assistance; scarring is likely

Types of Burns Chemical- may be wet or dry chemical, i.e. instant ice pack or ice melt (granulated) Electrical- electricity Radiation (Sun)- sunburn Thermal (Heat)- heating pad

Care for chemical burns Remove clothes that may be contaminated Dry chemicals: brush the chemical off with a gloved hand, then flush the area with tap water under pressure Wet chemicals: flush the burn with large amounts of cold running water If chemical is in eye: have person flush eye out with large amounts of running water

Care for electrical burns Never go near a person who is in contact with electricity Call 911 Turn off power at its source and care for life-threatening injuries Electrocution can lead to cardiac and respiratory emergencies Care for shock and thermal burns Definite need for advanced medical care

Care for burns (Thermal or Radiation) Check the scene for safety (fire, down power lines, etc.) Stop the burning be removing the person from the source of the burn Check for life-threatening conditions Cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water * Cover the burn loosely with sterile dressing

Care for Burns- Continued Prevent Infection Take steps to minimize shock Keep person from getting chilled or overheated *DO NOT apply running water to possible dry chemical burn

Care for burns- What NOT to do! DO NOT apply ice or ice water except on small, superficial burn and for no more than 10 minutes. DO NOT touch a burn with anything other than a sterile dressing/bandage DO NOT remove clothing that may be stuck to a burn DO NOT try to clean a severe burn DO NOT break blisters DO NOT use any ointment on a severe burn

Nose Injuries Usually caused by blunt trauma Care- have person pinch the end of their nose with dressing/gauze and lean forward

Tooth Injuries If person’s tooth is knocked out: Control bleeding by rolling up a piece of gauze and placing where the tooth was With a gloved hand, pick up the tooth by the crown (white part) Place the tooth in milk to save the tooth Person should see Dentist asap