In-Depth Study of Trinity: A Review of Past Lessons

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Presentation transcript:

In-Depth Study of Trinity: A Review of Past Lessons By Stephen Curto For Homegroup August 20, 2017

Outline History and Heresies Creeds and Councils for Clarity Coming to Conclusions

History and Heresies The Major Heresies about Jesus – An Overview: Arius (d.336) – Jesus was a created being. God like, but not the same essence as God. Apollonarius (310-390) – Jesus wasn’t fully human, just fully God. Nestorius (370’s-452) – Jesus had two warring natures, and the divine overpowered the human. Eutyches (378-454) – Jesus wasn’t fully God or fully man. He was 50-50. He had a mixed nature. (Modern equivalent: Mormons)

History and Heresies Early Church Fathers (100-150AD) Weren’t concerned with defining trinity Fighting Gnosticism Affirmed “Jesus is Lord.” Followed Apostles Creed “Creed” credo (lat) “I believe”

History and Heresies Gnosticism Secret knowledge Matter is evil, spirit is good Dualistic philosophy Jesus wasn’t really a historical human

History and Heresies Early Church Fathers (100-150AD) Weren’t concerned with defining trinity Fighting Gnosticism Affirmed “Jesus is Lord.” Followed Apostles Creed “Creed” credo (lat) “I believe”

History and Heresies The Apologists (150-300AD) Development of language, but not concepts Tertullian coins “trinity” “person” “substance” Fighting Modalism Setting the stage for the theologians

History and Heresies Modalism God is only one person The one person of god appears in three forms When God is the Father, he’s not the son or the Spirit, etc. Babylon Bee Article

History and Heresies The Theologians (300-600AD) Nailing down concepts Fighting Arianism and Tri-theism Council of Nicaea (325AD) Nicene Creed

History and Heresies Arianism Jesus wasn’t always the son of God Jesus didn’t have full divinity Jesus was “God-like” Jesus was the first thing God created (Col 1:15)

History and Heresies Tri-theism There are three different Gods, with three different essences

History and Heresies The Theologians cont’d(300-600AD) Weaknesses of Nicene council Creed of Constantinople (381AD) The three Cappadocians work on definitions Athansius’s Creed

Creeds and Councils for Clarity Athanasius (297-373) Athanasian Creed Very influential against Arianism and defending Trinity Bishop of Alexandria (reluctantly) “Athanasius against the world”

Creeds and Councils for Clarity 1 Nicaea 325 Arianism 2 Constantinople 381 Arianism Apollinarianism 3 Ephesus 431 Nestorianism Pelagianism 4 Chalcedon 451 Eutychianism 5 Constantinople II 553 Neo-Nestorianism 6 Constantinople III 680-681 Monotheletism 7 Nicaea II 787 Iconoclasm

Creeds and Councils for Clarity Nicene Creed (325AD) Nicene Constantinople Creed (381AD) Athanasius Creed *See Handout “Creeds Appendix”

Coming to Conclusions Conclusion 1 3 qualities to affirm Equality Diversity Unity Tritheism Subordinationism Modalism TRINITY (Tri-Unity) Conclusion 1 3 qualities to affirm 3 heresies to deny

Coming to Conclusions Conclusion 2 3 persons 1 essence