Events April-Aug 1789 Revolutions Unit 3 AOS 1 Date: 23/05/2018 Learning intention: SWBAT explain how the tennis court oath contributed to the revolutions Success Criteria Take at least 15 dot points on slides Write dot point answers to 1 exam question Write dot point answers to a source analysis question Create a 1 page summary of 1 event of 1789

The Fall of the Bastille Events April-Aug 1789 Estates General National Assembly The Reveillon Riots The Tennis Court Oath The Fall of the Bastille The Municipal Revolt The Rural Revolt The Great Fear The Night of August 4

Where did we leave the story? Events April-Aug 1789 Where did we leave the story? Nobility – direct vote (all males over 25 voted) Clergy – mix of direct and indirect Third estate – Indirectly – all males over 25 could vote for electors who then met in district conventions to choose their representatives to be delegates Most of the Society of Thirty became deputies E.g. Target, Lafayette, Tallyrand, Sieyes etc. Almost half of the Third Estate deputies were lawyers

Events April-Aug 1789 After finding the doors to their chamber locked, view this as an act of royal despotism They are led by a deputy, Dr. Joseph Guillottin to a nearby indoor tennis court  French physician who proposed on 10 October 1789 the use of a device to carry out death penalties in France, as a less painful method of execution. While he did not invent the guillotine, and in fact opposed the death penalty, his name became an eponym for it.

Events April-Aug 1789

Events April-Aug 1789 Once in the tennis court, there is a bit of debate about what to do next Sieyes for example wanted them to move the whole assembly to Paris, away from Versailles But Jean Jacques Mounier intervenes He proposes that they all pledge an oath between them not to separate until France has a constitution Two deputies had to stand outside the tennis court to keep the crowds out Consider asking what a constitution might do, and how it might help them. Ensure they know what a constitution is.

Events April-Aug 1789 The oath was taken individually in front of Bailly who stood on a table made from a door pulled from its hinges Arms raised in a Roman salute, the 600 deputies swore the Oath of the Tennis court which called for them to reamin together until a constitution had been formed

Events April-Aug 1789

Events April-Aug 1789 Why is the Tennis Court Oath significant? It is the first formal act of disobedience to the monarchy It was also signed even by deputies who had opposed the declaration of the National Assembly signifying improved unity in the Assembly in opposition to Royal Authority.

How did the King react? Predict… Events April-Aug 1789 How did the King react? Predict…

How did the King react? Predict… Events April-Aug 1789 How did the King react? Predict…

Events April-Aug 1789 At the Royal Session of 23 June, Louis XVI announced that the National Assembly was illegal. He said that that the estates should meet separately, unless he permitted them to meet together

Events April-Aug 1789 He then announced some concessions The questions of equal taxation would be considered and that new taxes would only be levied with the consent of the E.G All feudal dues and church tithes were left intact but privileged taxes could be surrendered if it were done so voluntarily

Events April-Aug 1789 He then announced some concessions Promised to extent the system of provincial assemblies Agreed to abolish censorship of the press And arbitrary arrest and imprisonment under lettres de cachet Necker had proposed this session as a solution to the stalemate, but had not shown up to the session

Events April-Aug 1789 He then announced some concessions Promised to extent the system of provincial assemblies Agreed to abolish censorship of the press And arbitrary arrest and imprisonment under lettres de cachet Necker had proposed this session as a solution to the stalemate, but had not shown up to the session

Events April-Aug 1789 The King then ordered the deputies to disperse and meet the next day in their separate orders. The Second Estate and most of the Clergy followed these orders and dispersed. The Third Estate deputies remained seated.

Events April-Aug 1789 The Deputies debates about what to do next and then voted: The deputies then voted with 439 vowing to stay and only thirty four voting to obey the King

Events April-Aug 1789 Why is this significant? The deputies have now rejected royal authority and confirmed the tennis court oath They have more loyalty to the National Assembly than the do towards royal power

Events April-Aug 1789 The King did nothing: “The mean to stay! … Well, then, damn it! Let them stay!” On the 24th of June Soldiers who were sent to deny the National Assembly access to its meeting hall crossed over to support the National Assembly On the 25th of June, 47 liberal nobles joined the National Assembly

Events April-Aug 1789 By the 27th of June, the King, forewarned of a mob marching from Paris to Versailles, ordered the estates to meet in common and vote by head The nobility, with the Marquis de Lafayette amongst it, now joined the rebel deputies within the National Assembly

Events April-Aug 1789 Louis XVI blames the whole thing on Necker and is advised by his ministers to sack him Louis XVI orders six regiments of soldiers to Versailles on 26 July and on 1 June another 10 regiments are moved from the provinces to Paris This movement of soldiers is an important step to more violent phases of the revolution