3-3: The Commercial North

Northern Colonies Produced several cash crops per farm Developed many thriving commercial industries (lumber, fishing, ship building) Developed a powerful merchant class Had numerous cities (Boston, NYC, Philadelphia) Faced a wide variety of social problems (fire, disease, overcrowding, lack of clean water) Had more ethnic, religious, and national groups represented among their population

Southern Colonies Produced single crops of rice or tobacco Was primarily a farming economy Fewer merchants, since the economy was not diversified Had fewer social problems because it was less urban Had a uniform population

1. What kind of movement was it? The Enlightenment An intellectual movement The Great Awakening A religious movement

2. Who were it’s key figures? The Enlightenment Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson The Great Awakening Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield

3. What ideas did it stress? The Enlightenment The natural world is governed not by miracles or chance, but by fixed mathematical laws Truth can be obtained by reason, observation and experimentation Individuals have natural rights which governments must respect The Great Awakening A return to Puritanical values Rededication to God The need for salvation The importance of education Questioning of established authority The importance of the individual

4. What did it encourage people to do? The Enlightenment To use experimentation and observation as tools to make discoveries about the natural world To rely on reason To read and learn To question traditional authority including that of the British Monarchy The Great Awakening To rededicate themselves to God To join organized churches To found colleges for training ministers To read the Bible To question traditional authority