British Rule In India

New Imperialism A period of colonial expansion by European powers, the United States, and the Empire of Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries Most clearly shown in this section through the British methods of attempting to control India. Liam

Vocab Terms Sepoy - an Indian soldier hired by the British East India Company to protect the company’s interests in the region Viceroy - a governor who ruled as a representative of a monarch Civil - involving the general public or civic affairs Estate - a landed property with a large house Cory

The Great Rebellion A growing Indian distrust of the British led to a revolt. The major immediate cause of the revolt was a rumor that the troops new rifle cartridges were greased with cow and pig fat The cows were sacred to the Hindus and the pig to Muslims. Touching these fats meant that, to the sepoys, the other people were polluted and the Indians did not agree. Although it failed, the rebellion marked the first attempt against the British Raj and later, a new generation of Indian leaders would take up the cause Luke

British Colonial Rule New School System Economic Consequences Served only elite, upper-class Indians, however Ninety percent of the population remained uneducated and illiterate Economic Consequences Brought hardship to millions of citizens in both the cities and the countryside British manufactured goods destroyed local industries Put women out of work Severely damaged the Indian textile industry Additional Consequences Zamindars took advantage of their new authority They increased taxes and forced the less fortunate peasants to become tenants or lose their land entirely. The British also encouraged many Indian farmers to switch from growing food to growing cotton Food supplies could not keep up with the growing population. Between 1800 and 1900, 30 million Indians died of starvation. Jake

Benefits to English Rule Industry in spinning, weaving and manufacturing improved and they exported worldwide Many jobs were created in the steel and iron business Modern railways were built and run by British administrators. Ultimately the British infused its culture into the Indian culture – changing India forever. Andrew

Indian Nationalists They all had the full faith in the British sense of justice, fair play, honesty etc. Made the Indians conscious of the bonds common in the political and economic aspects Most famous was Rabindranath Tagore Andrew

Rabindranath Tagore Most famous Indian author who won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1913 Indian nationalist whose life work consisted of human dignity, world peace, and mutual understandings and union of East and West. Aim was to force the British to improve the lot of the poor and to grant independence to India. Man of many talents Social reformer, spiritual leader, educator, philosopher, singer, painter, and international spokesperson for the moral concerns of his age “It is my conviction that my countrymen will truly gain their India by fighting against the education that teaches them that a country is greater than the ideals of humanity.” Bailey

Colonial Indian Culture The love-hate relationship in India that arose from British hate toward India, led to cultural awakening. The cultural revival led to a search for a national identity and modern literary expression. Many well-known Indian authors of poems and novels began writing historical romances. Printed in the several Indian languages, newspapers also began to be published as mass support for nationalist causes. Deandra

Memes/Visual Aids Luke