1. The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914)
Lesson 4 India Becomes a British Colony

2. The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914)
Lesson 4 India Becomes a British Colony
Learning Objectives
Understand the causes and effects of the Sepoy Rebellion.
Explain the impact of British rule on India.
Describe how the British and Indians viewed one another.
Trace the origins of Indian nationalism.

3. The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914)
Lesson 4 India Becomes a British Colony
Key Terms
sati
sepoys,
viceroy
deforestation,
Ram Mohun Roy
purdah

4. The British East India Company
During the 1500s and 1600s, the Mughals presided over a powerful empire in India. By the mid-1700s, however, the Mughal empire was in decline. When Mughal rulers were strong, the British East India Company gained only limited trading rights on the fringe of the empire.

5. The British East India Company
BEIC controls 3/5 of India by mid 1800’s
Exploitation of Indian Diversity
Dozens of languages, different religions, and power princes
British-divide and conqueror
Implementation of British Policies
BEIC- goal- make money
Did improve things-infrastructure, change culture
Sati-
Increasing Discontent
Sepoys-
Travel overseas
Widows remarry
New rifle cartridges
The Sepoy Rebellion
Sepoys turned against British- massacred men, women, and children
Impact of the Rebellion
No more trust
British govt takes over
Discontent among Indian people- nationalism

6. The British East India Company
Draw Conclusions An official of the British East India Company rides in an Indian procession in the early 1800s. How does the painting convey the power of the British?

7. India Under British Rule
After 1858, Parliament set up a system of colonial rule in India which became known as the British Raj. A British viceroy in India governed in the name of the queen, and British officials held the top positions in the civil service and army. Indians filled most other jobs. With their cooperation, the British made India the “brightest jewel” in the crown of their empire.

8. India Under British Rule
An Unequal Partnership
British Raj- ruled by Viceroy
British officials held all top positions
Britain ruined Indian’s industry so had to buy British goods
Encourage Indians to plant Cotton
Deforestation
The Strain of Population Growth
Cotton, not food
Benefits of British Colonial Rule
Schools, roads, railroads, peace
Many elite children educated in GB

9. India Under British Rule
This railway station was built in India in 1878 during the British Raj. British architects incorporated traditional Indian architectural features into the design.

10. India Under British Rule
Support a Point of View with Evidence The graph and timeline show some effects of the British Raj. All things considered, was British rule a positive or a negative for India? Why?

11. Diverse Views on Culture
Some educated Indians, impressed by British power and technology, urged India to follow a Western model of progress. These mostly upper-class Indians had learned English and adopted many Western ways. Other Indians felt that the path to freedom lay within their own Hindu or Muslim cultures.

12. Diverse Views on Culture
Indian Attitudes
Ram Mohun Roy- Adopt British ways, but keep Indian culture and nationalism
Purdah-
Westerner Attitudes
Most dismissed Indian culture
Tried to instill British culture on them

13. Diverse Views on Culture
In the early 1800s, Ram Mohun Roy, a scholar known as the father of Indian nationalism, tried to reform traditional Indian culture.

14. The Growth of Indian Nationalism
Under British rule, a class of Western-educated Indians emerged. The British expected this elite class to support British rule. As it turned out, exposure to European ideas had another effect. By the late 1800s, Western-educated Indians were spearheading a nationalist movement. Schooled in Western ideals such as democracy and equality, they were determined to end foreign rule.

15. The Growth of Indian Nationalism
Indian National Congress
Educated Elite- began to promote Indian nationalism
Wanted more self rule
Eventually called for boycotts until changes were made
Formation of the Muslim League
Muslims and Hindus begin to fight with each other
Eventually call for their own self rule

16. The Growth of Indian Nationalism
AC Mazumdar served as president of the Indian National Congress, which pushed for self-rule for India.

17. Quiz: The British East India Company
What was one effect of the Sepoy Rebellion?
A. The British Parliament extended the rule of the East India Company.
B. The British ended the rebellion without hurting any Indian civilians.
C. The British increased reforms, attempting to convert Indians to Christianity.
D. The British Parliament put India under the rule of the British government and monarch.

18. Quiz: India Under British Rule
How did British colonial rule affect education in India?
A. There was not a major effect, since only British students were allowed a western education.
B. A majority of people in India took advantage of new British schools to gain a better education.
C. New British schools mostly benefited the sons of wealthy Indian families.
D. New British schools mostly benefited farmers, who learned new agriculture techniques.

19. Quiz: Diverse Views on Culture
How did Ram Mohun Roy hope to transform Indian culture and society?
A. He wanted to combine Hindu customs related to women with British education for Indians.
B. He wanted to start an Indian nationalism movement for independence from British rule.
C. He wanted to modernize education in India while restoring pride in Indian culture.
D. He wanted to keep India’s caste system but require Indians to learn English.

20. Quiz: The Growth of Indian Nationalism
What was a difference between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League?
A. The Muslim League did not want to end British rule.
B. The Muslim League wanted a separate Muslim state.
C. The Indian National Congress did not allow Muslims to participate.
D. The Indian National Congress wanted to consider a separate Hindu state.