Chapter 2; Section 5 The Middle Colonies Pages 55-59

English developed the Chesapeake to the South and New England to the North The Dutch and Swedes established small colonies along the mid-Atlantic coast Growing English power threatened the Dutch and Swedes

I. The Dutch Establish New Netherland The Dutch made no missionary effort to convert Indians to their religion

A. Government in New Netherland 1. The Dutch West India Company appointed the governor and an advisory council of leading colonists, but they DID NOT PERMIT AN ELECTED ASSEMBLY. 2. Tolerated various religious groups – brings in a diverse group of colonists 3. Most people were either middle class or poor

B. Push-and-Pull Factors 1. Why people leave their country to come to Americas” 2. Push Factor: motivate people to leave their home countries because of things like religious persecution 3. Pull Factors: English come for promise of a better life and fertile soil 4. PUSH WAS STRONGER IN ENGLAND THAN IN THE NETHERLANDS.

5. Not many people went to New Netherland. 6. Why: BECAUSE NEW NETHERLAND HAD A GREAT ECONOMY SO PEOPLE DID NOT WANT TO LEAVE. 7. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE ENGLISH WERE EXPERIENCING A BAD ECOMONY

II NEW SWEDEN IS FOUNDED:

1. New Sweden: 2. Had a dual economy: the fur trade and grain farming. 3. Known for construction of log cabins. 4. The New Netherland, the Dutch, took over New Sweden by sending in seven warships in 1655.

III. The English Conquest: A. New York Becomes an English Colony 1. Dutch governor, Peter Stuyvesant, surrender his colony to the English who named it New York. Proprietary Colony because it was given to the Duke of York.

B. New Jersey is Established 1. England takes control of New Jersey.

2. Penn embraced the Quaker faith – a radical form of Protestantism. IV. William Penn Founds Pennsylvania A. Quaker Beliefs 1. Pennsylvania began as a debt to William Penn by King Charles II of England. 2. Penn embraced the Quaker faith – a radical form of Protestantism.

3. Quakers: sought an “Inner Light,” to understand the Bible 3. Quakers: sought an “Inner Light,” to understand the Bible. The Quakers did not have a clergy, priests, and women were spiritually equal to men. They tolerated other religions

B. Pennsylvania Prospers As with the New England Puritans – but unlike the Chesapeake Colonies (Virginia), the Quakers treated Native Americans with respect and paid fair prices for their land.

THE END