APA Citations - Overview Toronto public library Laura Freeman – High School Outreach lfreeman@torontopubliclibary.ca

What is Plagiarism? Video: Plagiarism Rap 2 main types Direct Copy and Paste Word for Word Accidental Summarize or paraphrase with no citation Video: Plagiarism Rap

How do we avoid plagiarizing? By crediting where you got the information from ‘citing our sources’ Why do we cite sources? Avoid accusation Gives teacher/reader ability to verify information, access original source Prove you know where to find appropriate sources

What exactly is citing our work? Citation Overview

APA Citation: What is it? Citation style, most often used in social sciences (Sociology, Political Science, Psychology etc). Includes rules on how to cite sources and format research

APA Citation: When to cite Direct quotations from outside work Referencing someone’s thought/opinion on topic When you paraphrase or summarize someone else’s ideas/work

APA Citation In Text Citations throughout your paper/essay indicating when another’s quote, thought, idea etc is referenced or included Reference List Organized full listing of outside resources you used when writing your paper/essay

APA Citation: In Text Use parenthetical citation (brackets) For direct quotations (both long and short) AND When summarizing and paraphrasing

APA Citation: In Text (from Print source) Direct quotations – LONG If longer than 40 words DO NOT use “” DO create block quotation – indent quotation Information needed in text = author, date AND page number If using long quotation: Make sure absolutely necessary to include whole quotation Provide your own analysis about quote before and after Eg. U of T Writing Centre Quotations In Sum: (Author Last Name, Date, P. #) OR If author mentioned in your analysis just (Date) right after name, and (P.#) at end of quote

APA Citation: In Text (from Print source) Direct Quotations – SHORT Use “” at the beginning and end of direct quotation Include quotation within regular flow of your paper Include some direction to or analysis of quote Eg. Concordia University APA Citation Style In Sum: (Author Last Name, Date, P.#) OR If author mentioned in your analysis just (Date) right after name, and (P.#) at end of quote

NOTE: APA was created when electronic sources did not exist, it has adapted to include electronic sources BUT CAN BE TRICKY!

APA Citation: In Text (from Online Source) Online Database (with print counterpart): Often the articles from journals, magazines, newspapers will include page numbers from print edition IF SO – cite with pg numbers (see previous slide) Online Database (without print counterpart) or Website: If source does not include page numbers try to include info that will point reader to part being cited If has numbered paragraphs use them in place of page numbers (para. #) If no numbered paragraphs, but headers within article, identify header and then count paragraphs underneath (Heading Title section, para. #) In Sum: (Author Last Name, Date, para. #) OR (Author Last Name, Date, section title, para. #)

APA Citation: Reference List alphabetical list of works you used when doing research contains more information about all of the sources you've cited so readers can find them Characteristics: new page at the end of your paper Title the page References alphabetical by the author's last name or by the title if there is no author titles are italicized entries are double-spaced First line of each entry is at left margin, every other line indented Concordia University. (2015) ALA citation style: Reference List – Overview. Retrieved from: http://library.concordia.ca/help/citing/apa.php?guid=refover

APA Citation: Refernces Basic Information included (all types of sources): Author(s)(Last Name, First Name) Title Publisher Date of Publication Publication medium Additional Information specific to Online Databases: Pg numbers of article (where available) Title of Article Title of Journal, Newspaper or Magazine (takes place of Title) Title of Database (takes place of Publisher) Date of access Additional Information specific to websites: Web site name (takes place of title) Page on website used (if applicable) Version or Edition (if available) Date of Access DO NOT INCLUDE URLs (web addresses)

OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab APA Sample Paper

APA Citation: Recommended Websites Citing Sources/Create a Bibliography – University of Toronto APA Citation Guide – Concordia University APA Formatting and Style Guide – OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab

Citation Websites APA Citation Maker – Oregon School Library Information System Son of Citation Machine RefMe

One reason to LOVE online databases – citations are done for you!

Works Cited “Citing Sources/Create your Bibliography.” University of Toronto Libraries. University of Toronto, 6 Jan. 2016, Web. 1 Mar. 2016. Libncsu. “Citation: A (Very) Brief Introduction.” Online video clip. YouTube. YouTube, 23 Jul. 2014. Web. 1 Mar. 2016. “APA citation style.” Concordia University Libraries. Concordia University, 6 Nov. 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2016. Plotnick, Jerry. “Using Quotations.” University College. University of Toronto. Web. 1 Mar. 2016. “Research and Citation Resources.” OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab. Purdue University, 2016. Web. 1 Mar. 2016 uAlbertaDoS. “Plagiarism Rap (Cite Your Sources).” Online video clip. YouTube. YouTube, 18 Dec. 2013. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.