L/O: To draw and design the life cycle of a plant Video: https://youtu.be/eDA8rmUP5ZM Germination – the growth of the seed in the soil

L/O: Seeds and germination Table of seed components Structure Function Seed coat a tough protective outer covering Embryo consisting of the young root and shoot which will develop into the adult plant Food store a store of food (starch) for the young plant to use until it is large enough to make its own food

L/O: Seeds and germination Germination is the start of growth in the seed. Three factors are required for successful germination: Water - allows the seed to swell up and the embryo to start growing Oxygen - so that energy can be released for germination Warmth - germination improves as temperature rises (up to a maximum)  

L/O: Flower Structure, Pollination and Fertilization Flowers are the organs of sexual reproduction in plants. They have the following important structures: Table of flower parts Structure Function Sepals protect the unopened flower bud Petals may be brightly coloured to attract insects Stamens the male parts of the flower consisting of the anther held up on the filament Anthers produce male sex cells (pollen grains). Stigma the top of the female part of the flower which collects pollen grains Ovary produces the female sex cells (ovules) Nectaries produce sugary nectar which attracts insects

L/O: Flower Structure.

L/O: Flower Pollination and Fertilization When pollen grains land on the stigma of a flower of the correct species they germinate. A pollen tube grows through the tissues of the flower until it reaches an ovule inside the ovary. The nucleus of the pollen grain (the male gamete) then passes along the pollen tube and joins with the nucleus of the ovule (the female gamete). This process is called fertilization. After fertilization the female parts of the flower develop into a fruit. The ovules become seeds and the ovary wall becomes the rest of the fruit.

L/O: Seed dispersal Seeds are dispersed away from each other and from the parent plant so that there is less competition. The commonest methods of seed dispersal are: wind e.g. dandelion, sycamore fruits are light and have extensions which act as parachutes or wings to catch the wind animal internal e.g. tomato, plum, raspberry, grape have brightly coloured and succulent fruits which contain seeds with indigestible coats which allow the seeds to pass through the animal undamaged animal external e.g. goose grass, burdock, the fruits have hooks which attach them to the fur of passing animals. explosive/ self propelled e.g. pea pod. The pod burst open when ripe projecting the seeds away from the plant.