FishBase, SealifeBase, AquaMaps Rainer Froese HIMFB, Oldenburg, 22 March 2017

Outline Information in FishBase Information in SealifeBase AquaMaps: 25,000 species maps Next Steps

Information in FishBase

Information in FishBase Trophic Ecology Ecology ● Predators Food items Diet composition Food consumption Ration Reproduction & Life History Maturity ● Spawning ● Eggs Larvae ● Broodstock ● Fry nursery Larval dynamics ● Larval speed Genetics & Aquaculture Electrophoresis Heritability ● Strains Population Dynamics Growth/Mortality ● L/W relations Maximum sizes ● Recruitment L/L relations ● Length frequency Fish as Food Processing ● Ciguatera FAO catches Aquaculture (production) Other Tables Pictures ● References Biblio ● Keys ● Sounds Information in FishBase Distribution Occurrence ● FAO areas Country ● Ecosystem Introductions Morphology & Physiology Metabolism ● Gill area Vision ● Disease Brain ● Abnormalities Ecotoxicology ● Swim mode

Information in FishBase From literature 33,400 fish species (from freshwater, brackish and marine environments) Up-to-date taxonomy (valid names and synonyms (86,896)) and distribution, Common names (319,057) in 347 languages for 254 countries, Size (maximum lengths) 29,500 species, Longevity (maximum age) 1,314 species Age at maturity (2,228 age at maturity records), Reproductive mode (11,584 species), Fecundity (2,191 records), Growth (10,592 records for 2,318 species), Oxygen consumption (7,000 records for 210 species) Diet (6,857 for 2,264 species), © J.E. Randall

FishBase and Museum Collections FB links all scientific valid names and synonyms to specimens in museum collections Facilitates identification of specific bottles in specific museums for comparison. Opens up the probability that there are specimen which can still be potentially sequenced.

Exploiting FishBase data With climate change, adaptation of fishes to changes in temperature will become essential for their continuous survival. Adaptation may be possible as: 1. a physiological response to changes in environmental conditions or 2. through natural selection on genetic variation where some individuals are more ‘fit’ in specific environmental regimes. If genetic variation over phenotypic plasticity is the underlying reason for the adaptation, then genes responsible for this can be identified (Garvin etal., 2015).

Information in SealifeBase

Content of SLB Information like in FishBase for 50,000 non-fish species All marine mammals, reptiles, corals, … All commercial species (and more) for other groups Information less complete than in FishBase, scope for expansion

Information in AquaMaps

Content of AquaMaps Half-degree cells, ~ 290,000 globally 25,000 species, half of all fishes, complete for marine mammals and some other smaller groups HSPEN: Table with min-max and preferred range (trapezoid) for depth, temperature, salinity, primary productivity [oxygen next, acidity possible] HCAF: Table with environmental data (depth, temperature, salinity, primary productivity, …) for every cell for current, 2050 and 2100 HSPEC: Table (100 million records) with suitability of very cell for every species

2050 Change in Species Composition Jaccard distance, percent change relative to 2014, Power Scale, preliminary results.

2050 Loss of Species Loss of species relative to 2014, in percent, Power Scale, preliminary results

2050 New Species Percent of new species in 2050 total, power scale, preliminary data

Winners and Losers in 2050 Remaining Work Use latest IPCC scenario data for 2050 Add oxygen in HCAF and determine preferences in HSPEN Add more species near poles and in center of gyres (close blue gaps) Review maps for crucial groups (those for which maps may be shown by group), e.g. corals, highly commercial species (with SAUP),.. Review maps of species which have lost suitable cells in 2050 Review maps of species that have „exploded“ Assemble team of experts/authors, have 2 workshops Re-estimate maps for all species, redo analysis Aim for „Nature Title Page“ publication Possible GEOMAR, AWI, HIMFB collaboration?

Next Steps Participate in FB Consortium meeting, Tervuren, Belgium, 4- 7 September 2017 Make FB-SLB-AquaMaps a Helmholtz Big Data Project Decide on first collaboration: prior for growth for all species; prior for r for all species; biomass estimates for global ocean; Winners & Losers paper; other?) Options to help with funding in 2017?