INTRODUCTION TO MATTER

CONCEPTS EXPLORED IN THIS LESSON 1) Matter Matter, mass, volume, mass vs. weight 2) States of Matter 3 states of matter: solid, liquid and gas 3) Changes of State Processes that change states of matter melting freezing condensation evaporation sublimation deposition Temperatures at which changes of state happen melting point freezing point condensing point boiling point 4) The Particle Theory of Matter

MATTER Matter: Is anything that has _____ and _______. mass volume Is the measure of the ________ of matter quantity (the amount of _____ ) atoms a substance contains. Units used: g (grams) kg (kilograms) Note: There is usually confusion between the term mass and weight….let’s clarify...

BUT the mass (amount of atoms) will remain the same. MATTER Mass Weight Mass depends on the _______________ in an object. Weight depends on the _______________ number of atoms amount of gravity acting on the amount of ____ contained in an object. mass weight = 5000 kg weight = 833 kg Since the Moon is 1/6th the size of Earth, it has 1/6th of Earth’s gravitational pull. mass = 5000 kg mass = 5000 kg This means that objects will weigh 1/6th LESS on the Moon than on Earth. Earth BUT the mass (amount of atoms) will remain the same. Moon

MATTER Matter: Is anything that has _____ and _______. mass volume Is the measure of the ________ of matter quantity (the amount of _____ ) atoms a substance contains. Units used: g (grams) kg (kilograms) Volume: Is the measure of the _______________ a substance takes up. amount of space Units used: mL (milliliters) L (liters)

STATES OF MATTER Matter comes in 3 States: Solid Liquid 3 States Gas Guess these states of matter. Matter comes in 3 States: Solid Liquid 3 States Gas

STATES OF MATTER Distance Between Particles & Energy of Particles definite = unchangeable indefinite = changeable Distance Between Particles & Energy of Particles Shape Volume definite definite small distances Solid low energy and little movement (vibrations only) indefinite definite more distance Liquid more energy and more movement Takes the shape of any container. indefinite indefinite large distances Fills the entire volume of any size of container. Gas high energy and a lot of movement Takes the shape of any container.

CHANGES OF STATE Matter can change from one state to another through six different change of state _________. processes Label each state of matter in the diagram. Next to each arrow, name the process that causes the change of state. sublimation condensation gas deposition evaporation melting freezing liquid solid

CHANGES OF STATE Matter can change from one state to another through six different change of state _________. processes c) Define each change of state. For example.... Melting is a process that converts a ____ into a _____. solid liquid sublimation condensation gas Now you define the rest... deposition evaporation melting freezing liquid solid

CHANGES OF STATE Melting is a process that converts a ____ into a _____. solid liquid Freezing is a process that converts a _____ into a ____. liquid solid Evaporation is a process that converts a _____ into a ___. liquid gas Condensation is a process that converts a ___ into a _____. gas liquid Sublimation is a process that converts a ____ into a ___. solid gas Deposition is a process that converts a ___ into a ____. gas solid

CHANGES OF STATE Changes of state happen at specific ____________. temperatures Each arrow represents a temperature point at which a change of state will happen. Label each state and arrow. freezing point condensing point SOLID GAS LIQUID melting point boiling point Change of state temperatures are ________ for different substances. different Water’s melting point is 0C. Lead’s melting point is 327.5C. Gold’s melting point is 1064.2C.

CHANGES OF STATE Define each temperature point. For example... You do the rest! Melting point is the temperature at which a ____ turns into a _____. solid liquid Freezing point is the temperature at which a _____ turns into a ____. liquid solid Boiling point is the temperature at which a _____ turns into a ___. liquid gas Condensing point is the temperature at which a ___ turns into a _____. gas liquid

THE PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER describes the __________ composition in terms of _______. and ________ of matter behavior particles

What happens to these spaces as you go from a solid to liquid to gas? THE PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER The Four Postulates of Particle Theory: 1) All matter is composed of tiny objects called ________. particles 2) All particles have ______ between them. spaces What happens to these spaces as you go from a solid to liquid to gas? solid liquid gas From solid to liquid to gas, the spaces get ______. larger

THE PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER The Four Postulates of Particle Theory: 3) Particles of matter are in constant _______. motion What happens to the speed of the particles if you add more energy to them? Higher energy particles move _____. faster 4) There are ______________ between particles. attractive forces What happens to the attractive forces when the particles get closer together? These forces are _______ when particles are closer. stronger

The End!

Created by Anh-Thi Tang – Tangstar Science Copyright © 2013 Anh-Thi Tang (a.k.a. Tangstar Science) All rights reserved by author. TERMS OF USE: This document is for personal use only and may only be used by the original purchaser. Copying for more than one teacher, classroom, department, school, or school district is prohibited. Additional licenses can be purchased at a discount for others to use in your department. This entire document, or any parts within, may not be reproduced or displayed for public viewing. You may NOT electronically post this product online including to teacher blogs, classroom websites or school networks. Failure to comply is a copyright infringement and a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Tangstar-Science