Sublingual administration of detomidine to calves prior to disbudding: a comparison with the intravenous route  Ann-Helena Hokkanen, Marja R Raekallio,

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Sublingual administration of detomidine to calves prior to disbudding: a comparison with the intravenous route  Ann-Helena Hokkanen, Marja R Raekallio, Kati Salla, Laura Hänninen, Elina Viitasaari, Marianna Norring, Satu Raussi, Valtteri M Rinne, Mika Scheinin, Outi M Vainio  Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia  Volume 41, Issue 4, Pages 372-377 (July 2014) DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12150 Copyright © 2014 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Mean ± SD plasma detomidine concentrations after sublingual (80 μg kg−1, solid line) and intravenous (30 μg kg−1, broken line) administration of detomidine to calves. N = 10 per group. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014 41, 372-377DOI: (10.1111/vaa.12150) Copyright © 2014 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Mean ± SD composite sedation scores (0–16 where 0 is no sedation) after sublingual (80 μg kg−1, solid line) and intravenous (30 μg kg−1, broken line) administration of detomidine to calves. N = 10 per group. *Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014 41, 372-377DOI: (10.1111/vaa.12150) Copyright © 2014 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Heart rate (mean ± SD) after sublingual (80 μg kg−1, solid line) and intravenous (30 μg kg−1, broken line) administration of detomidine to calves. N = 10 per group. *Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014 41, 372-377DOI: (10.1111/vaa.12150) Copyright © 2014 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Terms and Conditions