LEQ: What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812? Chapter 9 The Era of Thomas Jefferson 1800-1815 Section 4: The War of 1812 LEQ: What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?

What you will do Explain why the United States declared war on Britain. Describe what happened in the early days of war. Identify the events leading to the end of the war of 1812.

What you will Know Nationalism War Hawk Blockade Andrew Jackson Ramparts Perilous

Background Knowledge In the past sections, we have learned how the 1st three U.S. Presidents worked hard to avoid war with Britain and France. In this section, we will learn why, despite these efforts, the United States finally went to war.

The Move Toward War The Move Toward War 1809 - President James Madison takes office The 4th President of the United States Issues facing Madison Britain Arming the Native Americans Native Americans in the Northeast Impressment Forcing American sailors to fight for Britain

The Move Toward War Most Americans felt… In 1810 -War Hawks emerged Honor was at stake which formed… American Nationalism Pride in one’s country In 1810 -War Hawks emerged War Hawk Those who were eager for war against Britain Andrew Jackson

The Move Toward War Those who opposed war… Doves Mainly from New England They feared war with Britain would harm American trade Which would hurt… Economy

Early Days of War Early Days of War Britain was not willing to meet the demands of America Stop… Impressment Arming the Native Americans In June of 1812- Congress declares war…Against Britain Known as the War of 1812 1812-1814 Second War of Independence Under President James Madison

Early Days of War Problem… Due to Jefferson’s spending cuts… Weakened American military strength Only 16 warships Small army- fewer than 7,000 men Blockade on the American coast Action of shutting a port or road to prevent people or supplies from coming into an area or leaving it

Early Days of War August of 1812 - A major battle By 1814 The USS Constitution defeated the British warship Guerriere USS Constitution was nicknamed… Old Iron Sides By 1814 Britain’s Navy had 135 warships blockading American ports

What areas were affected by the British blockade? How did the blockade affect the economy of the U.S.?

Final Battles The British attack Washington, D.C. in August of 1814 British forces marched into the city while… British Navy sailed up the Potomac River Set fire to several buildings including the… White House Americans were shocked that their army could not defend the Washington

Final Battles The British attack continued… Baltimore in September of 1814 British fleet attack Fort McHenry Fort McHenry defended the Baltimore’s harbor British Warships bombarded the fort throughout the night The next morning… The American flag was still flying over the fort The Americans defeated the British at Fort McHenry

Final Battles The Battle of Baltimore at Fort McHenry Inspired the… The Star-Spangled Banner a poem by Francis Scott Key It told the story of the his night’s watch In 1931 Congress made it the national anthem of the United States

Final Battles The War Ends By 1814- Britain had tired of war Peace talks began in Ghent, Belgium Christmas Eve 1814 Treaty is signed ending the war Treaty of Ghent News took several weeks to reach America January of 1815 America fought one more battle lead by General Andrew Jackson Battle of New Orleans Defeating the British

Check on Learning Who was the president during the War of 1812? What issues did our 4th president face when he took office? Explain the meaning of “War Hawk”. What problems did America face during the early days of war? Define Blockade. Use it in a sentence. Who is responsible for our nations National Anthem? What is the name of the treaty ending the War of 1812? What is the name of the last battle of the War of 1812? What is the name of the general who lead the last battle of the War of 1812? Summary. Use complete sentences to summarize what you learned in this section. Answer the LEQ in your summary.