1. Okeanos -word ocean derived from oceanus

2 -founded by Alexander the Great First collection of documents -destroyed by fire

3 -built superior boats, gave wealth to visitors-discovered compass

4. Accurately calculated size and shape of Earth

5. -division of degrees into minutes and seconds of arc is still used by navigators

6. 1 of 4 cultures that inhabited 10,000 islands scattered around 10 million square miles of open Pacific Ocean -discovered and colonized Hawaiian islands by accident -discovered water current and wind patterns to figure out approximate geographic position -used Sun, stars, currents and tides as landmarks

7. -built fast, strong, and stable ships -pillaged Paris, robbed monasteries in Ireland… -created trade routes, raided coastal settlements, traded silk, spices, amber, cloth, and slaves

8. Portuguese navigator in service to Spain whose expedition was first to circumnavigate the world.

9. -captain of HMS Endeavour, considered first marine scientist

10. -led by Lt. Charles Wilkes-established natural sciences as careers in U.S.

11. -discovered worldwide patterns of winds and ocean currents -Father of Oceanography -Navy adopted treaties on navigation from Maury -published first book on oceanography

12. -first scientific expedition devoted completely to marine science -4 year voyage -took almost 20 years for scientists to categorize information Depth sounding went down as deep as marianas trench

13. -crisscrossed south atlantic for 2 years introduced modern optical and electronic equipment to oceanic investigation.-used echo sounder

14. -1962 set-up for oceanauts to live under water for a week.

15. Self-contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus

16. -cooperate to fund major research programs -Navy and Scripps partnered to discover magnetic strip, multi-beam sonar, helped fund submarine travels

17. University dedicated to Oceanography

18 Allowed people to explore more ocean than ever before -mounted air tanks up to 200 atmospheres

19 -HMS Beagle -traveled to Galapagos , wrote book on natural selection, wrote, discovered atolls, wrote Origin of species

20 -discovered by John scott -gave ratios of what happens to body under water -prevented cases of decompression sickness -people could stay under water longer.

21 -Greek astronomer -developed first accurate star map -helped with navigation -Father of trigonometry -used trig to account for astronomical motion

22 -located in western pacific -deepest known point on Earth -trench allows us to discover 5000 new species of sea creatures

23 -invented marine chronometer (marine clock)

24 -cable that suspended air tight chamber held divers inside underwater Used as underwater rescue vessel -explored resources underwater

answers 1 Greeks 2. Library of Alexandria 3. Chinese 4. Eratosthenes 5. Ptolomy 6. Polynesians 7. Vikings 8. Ferndinand Magellan 9. James Cook 10. United States Exploring Expedition 11. Matthew Maury 12.Challenger 13. Meteor Expedition 14. Cons Shelf 15.SCUBA 16.Government 17. Scripps 18. Aqua Lung 19. Darwin 20. Decompression 21. Hipparchus 22. Mariana’s Trench 23. John Harrison 24. Diving Bell