Bell Ringer 9/21 In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was influenced most by John Locke’s idea of (1) due process of law (2) natural rights (3) the rights of the accused (4) the right to privacy

Articles of Confederation Most political power in hands of the individual states, afraid of powerful central government. Each state created their own individual Constitutions.

Articles of Confederation Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Congress could not enact and collect TAXES Congress could not regulate interstate or foreign TRADE Regardless of population, each state had 1 VOTE Two-thirds majority (9 out of 13 states had to agree to pass a law) Articles could be amended only if ALL 13 states approved There was NO EXECUTIVE branch to enforce the laws of Congress There was NO JUDICIAL branch (judges/court system) to settle legal disputes There were 13 separate states that lacked NATIONAL UNITY, League of Friendship

Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Greatest Accomplishment Western Land Claims Admission of States Land Ordinance of 1785 Congress appoint territorial governors and judges 5,000 voting residents = settlers could write a temporary constitution and elect their own govt. 60,000 total residents = write a formal constitution. When that was approved by Congress, could become a state! Continental Congress now had to settle the LAND question. The land ordinance of 1785 established a plan for surveying lands. Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Established procedure for dividing land into territories. Also, set rules for admission of new states. Greatest Accomplishment The two land ordinances were the greatest achievement of the Articles of Confederation.

Bell Ringer 9/21 The writings of Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieu are significant in US history because they (1) opposed the use of slave labor in the Americas (2) supported the absolute right of the king to impose taxes (3) encouraged the formation of political parties and political machines (4) influenced the authors of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution

Shays Rebellion Daniel Shay starts a rebellion in 1786 in Mass to protest tax. Rebellion put down by militia because there was no standing army to send. Proved that National government was weak and needed to be strengthened.