DNA: Mitosis & asexual reproduction Day 3 DNA: Mitosis & asexual reproduction Drill: What is the correct order of the following: Protein / Gene / Trait Conceptual Q of the Day: Why it is important for cells to reproduce?

Remember… What dna looks like? DNA is made up of 3 key parts (NUCLEOTIDE): Nitrogenous Bases! Adenine – Thymine – Guanine – Cytosine At The Grand Canyon Phosphate Group PO4 5 Carbon (C) Sugar Deoxyribose

Remember… Why do we all look different? What causes a fly to look different than a mouse? Chromosomes have genes that can turn on and off Genes make (code for) specific proteins Proteins express specific traits 8 chromosomes 40 chromosomes Gene  Protein  Trait

Why is cell size Important? Think about it: What happens to the energy needs of an organism as it gets larger? As a cell grows, its energy needs increase. Cells have limitations to growth. Eventually, somatic (body) cells will divide into two identical cells due to limitations in growth caused by factors like energy needs.

Activity: Cell Cycle With your partner, use the internet link provided (CellsAlive) http://www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycle.htm Complete the circular diagram of the eukaryotic cell cycle in your notes! The circular diagram is the first image on the screen! Fill that cycle in on the circle provided Pay attention to the cell “N” number in the middle! Explain the specific events that occur at each stage as the animation stops in key places!

What HAPPENS IN AN EUKAROTIC CELL CYCLE? Cells undergo mitosis to create 2 “daughter” cells with: Identical genetic information to parent cell Identical genetic information to each other Major Phases: G1 phase S phase G2 phase M phase

What is the purpose of mitosis? Growth –grow to a larger size Repair –fix damaged cells Replace –replace old or dying cells

Practicing mitosis!! How many chromosomes would a skin cell have in an organism whose kidney cells have 46 chromosomes? Hint: Both skin and kidney cells are somatic (body) cells! How many chromosomes would a cell created through mitosis have in an organism with a bone cell with 26 chromosomes?

DNA: Asexual Reproduction Day 3 DNA: Asexual Reproduction Drill: What is asexual reproduction? Conceptual Q of the Day: Why it is important for cells to reproduce?

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Don’t have organelles Have organelles Have one circular chromosome Have many linear chromosomes Store their chromosome in a region called the “cytoplasm” Store their chromosomes in an organelle called the “nucleus”

what is asexual reproduction? A type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single parent. The offspring inherit the genes of that parent only! There is no fertilization!! Three examples of asexual reproduction: Binary Fission Budding Vegetative Growth

what is Vegetative Growth? what is Binary Fission? When a bacteria cell splits into two equal new cells. what is Budding? This is a Hydra When the offspring grows directly out of the body of the parent what is Vegetative Growth? When the plants produce offspring without seeds or spores

Binary Fission Binary Fission is a method of asexual reproduction that involves the splitting of a parent cell into two approximately equal parts.

Budding Budding is a form of asexual reproduction, an offspring grows out of the body of the parent.

Vegetative Growth Vegetative growth is a form of asexual reproduction in plants whereby new individuals arise without production of seeds or spores.

Exit ticket When you are done with your gene expression activity find your exit ticket sheet in the folder on the chair up front. In the first block (on the front) write a vocabulary word from the word wall. In the first block (on the back) write the definition or draw an image of that word. Do this for the third box! Extra points for three students who share out their vocabulary flash card!!