Ionic Bonds Chapter 14

Valence Electrons Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element’s atoms.

Valence Electrons/Electron Dot Diagrams The number of valence electrons largely determines the chemical properties of an element. Electron dot structures – show valence electrons as dots.

Cations and Electron Configurations Octet rule – atoms in compounds tend to have the electron configuration of a noble gas. Remember: a cation is any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge. Most common cations are those formed when a metal loses valence electrons.

Anions and Electron Configurations Remember: when an atom of an element gains and electron it becomes an anion. example: Chlorine (Cl)

Writing Ions When oxygen becomes an ion by gaining two valence electrons (ionization) we would write that ion as O2-

Ionic Compounds The forces of attraction that bind oppositely charged ions together are called ionic bonds. Example: Na + Cl Example: Al + Br

In Closing Pg. 388: 18-15 due next Wednesday (4/9) Quiz next Wednesday (4/9) over 14.1 -14.4.