Chapter 2 Section 4 New England Colonies

Chapter 2 Section 4 Mayflower Compact

The Mayflower Sailed from Plymouth, a port on the southern coast of England in September of 1620 Rough seas/storms prevented ship from reaching intended destination in the area of the Hudson River - instead ship steered toward Cape Cod

The Mayflower Outside Jurisdiction - because of the change of course, passengers of the Mayflower were no longer in the jurisdiction of the charter granted to them in England by the Virginia Company - Conflict arose between travelers, with some threatening to leave the group and settle on their own

Mayflower Compact Mayflower Compact -signed by 41 of the 102 passengers on the Mayflower prior to its landing at Plymouth, Massachusetts. - pledged to abide by any laws and regulations that would later be established ‘for the general good of the colony’ - Importance: entails belief that government is a covenant and must come from the consent of the governed.

Mayflower Compact

Mayflower Compact In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are under-written, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents solemnly and mutually, in the presence of God, and one of another, covenant and combine our selves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November [New Style, November 21], in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Anno Dom. 1620.

Religious Dissenters Form New Colonies Roger Williams -Puritan minister -English had no right to take Indian land -founded Providence, Rhode Island -created foundation for religious freedom -separation of church and state

Salem Witch Trials

Salem Witch Trials The Beginning…. - Reverend Samuel Parris: Salem Village Preacher - Betty Parris: Daughter of Reverend Parris - Abigail Williams: Niece of Reverend Parris - Tituba: Reverend Parris’s Slave Symptoms -choking, freezing positions, barking, complaints of pain/fever *Dr. William Griggs claims sickness to be a result of witchcraft

Salem Witch Trials Possible Causes -witchcraft/evil spirits - jealousy between people - boredom - ‘convulsive ergotism’- fungus that can be found in rye bread, cereal, etc. (known to cause crawling sensations of skin, vomiting, choking, violent fits, and even hallucinations)

Salem Witch Trials First Accused - Tituba - Sarah Good: homeless woman - Sarah Osborn: woman who married her servant and did not attend church *all considered social outcasts

The Court of Oyer and Terminer Allowed in Court - spectral evidence - personal remarks/stories - ‘witches marks’ and ‘touching test’ - hearsay, unsupported assertions, gossip Not Allowed in Court - no defense council -no appeals - no witnesses to testify on behalf of the defense

Salem Witch Trials In the end… - June to September 1692 - 19 men and women were hanged at Gallows Hill, four died in prison, and one man was crushed to death

King Philip’s War King Philip’s War (1675) - Chief Metacom - Indians rebel against English colonists in the New England Region - starvation and loss of supplies devastate Indians chance in becoming victorious - Native American land in the southern portion of the region is lost - Many flee to Canada

Chapter 2 Section 4 Assessment Questions Complete Terms and People on page 54 What do you think were the goals of the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies? Why did Rhode Island become a haven for people of various religious faiths? What was the importance of the Mayflower Compact? Compare/Contrast the governments of the Virginia and Massachusetts colonies.