The Rise of Islam Lesson 2 Chapter 13

Essential Question How are the Islamic and Muslim cultures similar to those of Christianity?

Key Vocabulary Islam Mosque Muhammad Mecca Five pillars of Islam Sawm Qur’an Zakat Ramadan Muslim Jihad Sunni Hajj Shi’I or Shi’ite Allah

A Brief Introduction Allah- The Arabic word for God, the one and only God. Allah is the same God worshipped by Jews and Christians. Muhammad- the prophet or apostle of God. His role in conveying the word of God was similar to that of Moses or Jesus.

Islam means submission; that is submission to God. Muslim- a believer in Islam. Literally translates to “one who submits to God”.

Mecca- a town where Mohammad was born and raised Mecca- a town where Mohammad was born and raised. A holy city to Muslims

The Quran The Qur’an Koran Holy book (word) of Islam Revealed to God to Muhammad

Sunni Muslim Orthodox or mainstream body of Muslims Majority of Muslims are Sunni

Shi’ite (Shiah) Muslims Minority division (about 10-15%) Sometimes though to be more radical than Sunni Muslims

Hajj Pilgrimage (especially the pilgrimage to Mecca) One of the Five Pillars of Islam The Five Pillars of Islam are the framework of the Muslim life. They are the testimony of faith, prayer, giving zakat (support of the needy), fasting during the month of Ramadan, and the pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime for those who are able.

Mosque Place of worship

Jihad Means struggle or fight Sometimes translated as “Holy War” Used in reference to wars fought by Muslims against those thought to be enemies of Islam

Ramadan Takes place in the 9th month of the Islamic Year Muslims are required to fast from dawn until sunset during the month Ramadan Fasting is called Sawm ( another of the Five Pillars of Islam)

Five Pillars of Islam All Muslims are required to perform the Five Pillars of Islam if they are able (mentally and physically) The Five Pillars of Islam are the framework of the Muslim life. They are the testimony of faith, prayer, giving zakat (support of the needy), fasting during the month of Ramadan, and the pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime for those who are able.

Do Now

How are the Islamic and Muslim cultures similar to those of Christianity?

How are the Islamic and Muslim cultures similar to those of Christianity? Allah is the same God that Christians worship. Mecca, located in present-day Saudi Arabia, is the holy city for Muslims, just like Jerusalem and Bethlehem. Muhammad is one of Allah’s prophets, just like Moses and Jesus. The Qur’an or Koran is the Islamic holy book, just like the Bible. The Five Pillars are very similar to the 10 Commandments. Shahada, or proclamation of faith, is similar to the 1st Commandment and the Apostle’s Creed. 6. Muslims pray in a mosque and Christians pray in a church. 7. Ramadan is the Islamic “holy month,” similar to Lent. 8. The jihad, or “Holy War,” is similar to the Crusades during the Middle Ages.