ADAPTATION IN ANIMALS L.O.

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Presentation transcript:

ADAPTATION IN ANIMALS L.O. ANIMALS ARE ADAPTED FOR SURVIVAL IN THEIR PARTICULAR HABITAT THERE IS A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY SIZE AND SURFACE AREA: VOLUME RATIO - HAIR AND BODY FAT CAN PROVIDE INSULATION

All animals are seeking HOMEOSTASIS Depending on their environment, they have different ADAPTATIONS which help them to maintain homeostasis

ANIMALS IN COLD CLIMATES Have to keep themselves warm! Ex: polar bears You lose body heat through your skin The amount of heat you lose is closely linked to your Surface area: Volume ratio

Controlling body temperature Volume : Surface area ratio = 1:6 Volume : Surface area ratio = 1:5 For every 1 unit of heat made, heat is lost out of 6 sides For every 1 unit of heat made, heat is lost out of 5 sides

Arctic mammals are relatively large This keeps their surface area: volume ratio as small as possible This helps them hold on to their body heat

INSULATION Many arctic animals use blubber as insulation Blubber is a thick layer of fat that builds up under the skin

FUR Remember: piloerection hairs trap a layer of air next to the skin which is then warmed by the body heat The air becomes an insulating layer.

CAMOUFLAGE changing coat colour WINTER WINTER SUMMER SUMMER

OTHER KINDS OF CAMOUFLAGE http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=ckP8msIgMYE http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=2x-8v1mxpR0

SURVIVING IN DRY CLIMATES THE DESERT! BIGGEST CHALLENGES: - lack of water - body temp. getting too high

**the LARGER the animal, the SMALLER the surface area : volume ratio Animals often have INCREASED surface area in HOT climates, and DECREASED surface areas in COLD climates  big in the arctic and small in the Sahara

The elephant conundrum Elephants are BIG Small S.A:Volume, so they don’t lose a lot of heat? WHAT ARE THEIR ADAPTATIONS TO FIX THIS PROBLEM? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikDbPX9HJok&feature=channel

dromedaries http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Dromedary#p005lnxb

Many desert animals get the water they need from the food they eat AEROBIC RESPIRATION Glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + WATER

Mammals keep their body temperatures the same. - when the environment gets warmer, they have to find ways to cool down! These animals are usually more active a night, when its cooler and sleep in the shade during the day

ADAPTATIONS Living in HOT places Living in COLD places