Copper-Based System Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards 8 Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Module 8 Copper-Based System Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 1 Goal 8 In this module students are familiarized with the standards that apply to residential copper network cabling in accordance with the TIA 570 standard for both single residences and multi-tenant residences. Students will be familiarized with residential system components and topologies. Students will identify the different grades of residential cabling as set forth in residential standards, as well as structured cabling systems. Students will also calculate the cost of a residential installation including labor, cable and connectors. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Objectives: Identify that the TIA 570 is the standard that applies to Residential Cabling Identify the copper cabling types used in residential applications Define structured cable Identify Smart Home technology systems Identify the elements of a single residential cabling system to include: Gateway, 8.5.2 Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet, 8.5.3 Outlet Cabling, 8.5.4 Outlets Identify the recommended cabling topology used in a residence per standard Define maximum cabling distances recommended for residential applications per standard Given a cabling diagram of a Single Family residence, correctly label the copper cabling components Identify the elements of a Multi-Dwelling residence to include: Entrance Facility, 8.9.2 Main Terminal Space, 8.9.3 Backbone cabling Floor Serving Terminal, 8.9.5 Distribution Devices, 8.9.6 Auxiliary Disconnect Outlets, 8.9.7 Outlet Cabling, 8.9.8 Outlets Given a diagram of a Multi-Tenant Residence correctly label the copper cabling systems components Given a cabling and connector price list and a diagram of a home, calculate the cost of materials and the cost of labor to complete a cabling job Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 88 Residential Cabling The Connected Home Cabling needs in the modern home have gone far beyond the simple telephone and power lines. People have grown used to cable TV, security systems, broadband Internet service, home networking, audio systems, paging, climate control, working at home, telecommuting, sophisticated lighting systems, and more. All of this requires connections. Just as there are standards in place for cabling in commercial buildings, there are standards for residential cabling as well. These standards have become increasingly important as residential systems become more complex. The standard that applies is the TIA 570 residential cabling standard. This module will cover the most important points in the standard. Figure 8.1.1 Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Residential cabling standards are largely the same as commercial cabling installation standards. The differences come mainly from the devices that are used. Cable Grades Unlike commercial cabling, there are two grades of cable recognized for residential cabling. Grade 1 Grade 1 cabling provides a generic cabling system that meets the minimum requirements for telecommunications services. These include telephone, satellite, community antenna television (CATV) and data services. Acceptable cables for this grade are one Category 5e or higher (4-pair unshielded twisted pair) and one 75-ohm coaxial cable for each outlet. Figure 8.2.1 Grade 2 Grade 2 cabling provides a generic cabling system that meets the requirements for basic, advanced, and multimedia telecommunications services. It should handle current and developing telecommunications services. Acceptable cables for this grade are two Category 5e or higher (4-pair unshielded twisted pair) and two 75-ohm coaxial cables, and, optionally, 2 fiber optic cables at each outlet. Figure 8.2.2 Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Structured Cable The various cables needed for different telecommunications services can be bundled together in a single sheath and laid all at once. You pull the entire bundle once and then unbundle the various components and connect them to the various system outlets. Structured cabling can contain elements like fiber optic cable that are not needed in the current installation, but that could be needed in the future. This is referred to as future-proofing an installation. The Smart Home Structured cabling can be an important factor in the "smart home" technologies being installed in many new homes. Smart Home technology involves a number of systems performing household maintenance functions in addition to the traditional voice, video and data functions. Such systems require extensive cabling, the sort of cabling that structured cable provides. Some of the systems that can be run by Smart Home technologies are: PBX, Video (Cable or Satellite), Security/Alarms, Computer networks, Heating/Ventilation, Air Conditioning, Lighting Control NEW TERMS Structured Cable - A bundled cable carrying the cables needed for various telecom services, fiber and copper, in a single sheath. Future-proofing - Installing cabling to accommodate a higher level of service than is currently needed in anticipation of future needs. Smart Home - Systems performing household maintenance functions in addition to the traditional voice, video and data functions Grade 1 Cable - Provides minimum requirements for telecommunications services. One Cat5e and one coaxial cable to each outlet. Grade 2 Cable - Provides advanced, and multimedia telecommunications services. Two Cat5e, Two coaxial cables and the option of two fiber optic cables to each outlet. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Elements of Residential Cabling Residential cabling is made up of the following elements: The Gateway The Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet Outlet cabling Outlets The Gateway The entrance point to a residence is called a gateway. It serves the same purpose as a commercial entrance point does: providing a connection point between cables coming from the outside from various service providers with the cables inside the building (the demarcation point). These connections are accomplished in a cabinet or other distribution device. Care must be taken to guard the distribution device from extremes of temperature and electromagnetic interference. Do not locate the distribution device on an outside wall, or in an insinuated garage. Place it as far as possible from the service box for the house’s AC wiring—at least five feet. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Elements of Residential Cabling continued The Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet Somewhere close to the gateway should be an outlet for the cable from each service provider to allow for disconnecting that service. Often this outlet is right in the distribution device. NEW TERMS Gateway - The entrance point of outside cables into a single-family residence - the point of demarcation. Auxiliary disconnect - An outlet for each service provider to allow for disconnecting that service. outlet cabling - Cabling that runs from the distribution device to the outlet, comparable to horizontal cabling in commercial installations. Low Voltage mounting bracket - An open framework used to secure a face plate to a wall. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Topology The cabling topology recommended by TIA 570 Standard for residences is the Star (Home Run) topology, where cabling for each device is connected back to a central core or distribution area. Because of the shorter cabling distances in residences, this central core is usually the gateway. This makes it easier to Move a device from one location to another, Add a new device, or Change the properties of an existing device (Move, Add or Change=MAC). After a cabling system is in place, the majority of the technician’s job will involve MAC. Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Example of an integrated telecommunications system Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System 8 Activity 8.1 Residential Cabling Elements-1 Objective: Identify the parts of a Residential cabling system. 1. Using the chart below label the system parts. 1. Gateway Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet 2. _____________________________ 3 Outlet Cabling Outlet 4 Residential Cabling Topologies and Standards Copper-Based System

Multi-Tenant Residences Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems Multi-Tenant Residences The standards for laying cable in multi-tenant residences, like apartment buildings, are a combination of commercial requirements and residential requirements. The chief elements in a cabling installation for a multi-tenant residence are: Entrance Facility Main Terminal Space Backbone Cabling Floor Serving Terminal Distribution Devices (DD) Auxiliary Disconnect Outlets (ADO) Outlet Cabling Outlets Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

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The Main Terminal Space Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 The Entrance Facility As in commercial structures, the entrance facility is the place where outside cables meet inside cables, the demarcation point for the services being provided. This facility could be a cabinet, a closet, a room, or a hallway, depending on the size of the building and the level of cabling required. The Main Terminal Space The main terminal space contains the cross-connects from outside cable to the building's cable system. The location of the main terminal space is determined by the engineer. This facility, and the Entrance Facility, should be locked for security reasons. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Floor Serving Terminal Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Backbone Cable Backbone cable runs from the main terminal space vertically up to the various floors of the building. Floor Serving Terminal Backbone cable runs to various floor serving terminals. Floor service terminals serve the same function as telecommunications rooms in commercial buildings, except that one terminal can serve up to three floors. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Distribution Device and ADO Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Distribution Device and ADO Each tenant space, or apartment, has its own distribution device and its own auxiliary disconnect outlet. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

8 Outlet Cabling Outlets Topology Six port outlet Figure 8.11.1 Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Six port outlet Figure 8.11.1 Outlet Cabling Outlet cabling runs from each tenant’s distribution device to the outlets in each tenant's space. Outlets Each tenant's space has sufficient outlets for the device connections that need to be made. Once again, if local codes permit, mud rings should be used for these outlets instead of receptacle boxes. Topology The cabling topology recommended is the Star (Home Run) topology, where cabling for each device is connected back to a central core or distribution area. This topology should be repeated in each apartment and in the connections to the floor serving terminal. The Star Topology Figure 8.11.2 Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

8 Recognized Cables Cabling Distances Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Recognized Cables The copper cable recognized in the standard for outlet cable duty is 4-pair UTP cable. Cabling Distances The standard sets 90 meters (295 feet) as the maximum distance for each outlet cable (from the distribution device to the outlet). Another 10 meters (30 feet) is allowed for patch cords and cross connects, giving an operational distance of 100 meters (325 feet). There should be an outlet in each room and an additional outlet for every 3.7 meters (12 ft) of unbroken wall space. Outlets should be arranged so that nothing that has to be connected would be more than 7.6 meters (25 ft) from an outlet. CATV Coax Cable Tested and Labeled Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Cable Slack When installing a cable run a standard requirement is to provide additional slack at both ends to accommodate future cabling system changes. Allow about three meters (10 feet) at the distribution device and one meter (three feet) at the outlet. Include the slack in all length calculations to ensure that the outlet cable does not exceed 90m (295 feet). Labeling Just like commercial buildings, labeling is a critical part of this job. Record-keeping is a must. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Hiding Cable Runs One of the most difficult tasks of a Network Cabling Specialist is hiding the wires he or she lays down, especially in residences. Every day, techs snake walls, flooring and ceilings to accomplish this task. New products are being developed to help you accomplish this, and one of them is Wire Tracks®. You can remove the molding from a wall or doorway, cut away the sheet rock, place the wire track into the space you created. Run your voice, data or video wires in the track and glue the molding back onto the wire track. It’s easy, looks good, and is accessible later for additional adds, moves, and changes. wire Track® behind molding molding back in place Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Tools Normally Required for Residential Work Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Tools Normally Required for Residential Work All Safety Equipment (safety glasses, etc) Ladders, usually six foot step ladders Wire snakes (to fish walls and ceilings) Flashlight Drill (cordless) and bits Pocket tools (cutters, long nose pliers, etc) Label maker Tape Drywall saw/knife Cord and weight (for hollow walls) Tester Tone and trace set Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Tools Cont. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Reading a Work Order When performing any cabling work, you will be working from a work order. A work order supplies all the details of the job: Where the cable is to be laid Where the terminations should be What type of cable should be used What special conditions exist at the job site The work order will also list the materials and equipment needed and give a rough layout of the site. It provides a place for the customer to sign off when the work is completed. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

8 Activity: Residential Cabling Elements Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Activity: Residential Cabling Elements Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

8 Activity: Residential Cabling Elements cont. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Activity: Residential Cabling Elements cont. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

8 Activity: Residential Standards Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Activity: Residential Standards Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Module Review Residential cabling standards are largely the same as commercial cabling standards. The differences come mainly from the lower level of usage in residential installations. There are two grades of cable that can be used in residential installations. Grade 1 cabling provides a generic cabling system that meets the minimum requirements for telecommunications services. Grade 1 has one UTP and one coaxial cable per outlet. Grade 2 cabling provides for a cabling system that meets the requirements for basic, advanced, and multimedia telecommunications services. Grade two cable has 2 UTP, 2 Coaxial and optionally 2 fiber optic cables. Structured cable, bundling a variety of cables used in various types of telecom services, is an important factor in "smart home" technologies. Smart Home technology involves a number of systems per-forming household maintenance functions in addition to the traditional voice, video and data functions. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Module Review cont. Residential cabling is made up of the following elements: The Gateway The Auxiliary Disconnect Outlet Outlet cabling Outlets An outlet cable should not be longer than 90 meters (292 feet). Allow about three meters (10 feet) of slack at the distribution device and one meter (3 feet) at the outlet, and include this in your 90 meters. There should be an outlet in each room and an additional outlet for every 3.7 meters (12 ft) of unbroken wall space. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

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Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 Module Review cont. The standards for laying cable in multi-tenant residences, like apartment buildings, are a combination of commercial requirements and residential requirements. The chief elements in a cabling installation for a multi-tenant residence are: Entrance facility Main terminal space Backbone cabling Floor serving terminal Distribution devices Auxiliary Disconnect Outlets Outlet cabling Outlets You should use the Star topology in both residence types. Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems

Introduction to Networking Copper Based Systems (Version 3.3) © 1998-2012 by C-Tech Associates, Inc. TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All Trademarks and Registered Trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Any oversight in acknowledging trademarks shall not be regarded as affecting the validity of any of these or as an infringement on them. ISBN# 0-9789769-7-5 Coppers 3.3 Student Manual and CD 0-9789769-8-3 Coppers 3.3 Student Manual, CD and Consumables 0-9826956-5-9 Coppers 3.3 Instructor Manual and CD Placement of Copper Cable System Residential & Commercial

QUESTIONS? Module Test Time! 8 Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems ~ 8 QUESTIONS? Module Test Time! Residential Cabling Topologies & Standards Copper-Based Systems