Population Cultural Geography

Population Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Population Terms Demography - the study of population characteristics Overpopulation- when the available resources cannot support the number of people Density - How many? The total number of people

Population Growth 0 AD 250 Million People 1803 AD 1 Billion People

2014 7 bil

Population Distribution Population Concentrations East Asia South Asia South East Asia Europe North America Sparsely Populated Regions dry lands wet lands high lands cold lands

Cartogram

Population Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Arithmetic Density: The total number of Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Arithmetic Density: The total number of Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Arithmetic Density: The total number of Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Physiological Density: The number of people per Physiological Density: The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

Physiological Density: The number of people per Physiological Density: The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

Agricultural Density: The number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

Density Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area. Physiological Density: The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture. Agricultural Density: The number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

Population Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Crude Birth Rate : The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Crude Death Rate : The total number Crude Death Rate : The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Natural Increase: The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Population Characteristics Crude Birth Rate : The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society. Crude Death Rate : The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society. Natural Increase: The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Population Characteristics Fertility Rate: The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years. Doubling Time: The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Infant Mortality Rate: - the number of. deaths of Infant Mortality Rate: - the number of deaths of children under the age of 1, per thousand of the general population.

Population Characteristics Life Expectancy : The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Population under the age of 15 - usually shown as a percentage of the total population of a country - dependency ages Population over the age of 65 - usually shown as a percentage of the population. dependency age

Life Expectancy : The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.

Population under the age of 15 - usually shown as a percentage of the total population of a country - dependency age is 0-15

Population Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Population Pyramids Inverted bar graphs that show a wide population base (younger population) with a narrow top (older population). Population Pyramids show: Age Distributions Dependency Ratios of under 15 and over 65 Sex Ratio - Male vs. Female

Developing Relatively Developed Developed (poor) (rich)

Population Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

POPULATION & DEMOGRAPHIC PYRAMIDS TRANSITION

Demographic Transition - Stage 1 Demographic Transition - the change in population characteristics of a country to reflect medical technology or economic and social development. Crude Birth Rate: High 40-50 / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: High 40-50 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: None 0 / 1,000 Today, no country in the world is in Stage 1.

Demographic Transition

Demographic Transition - Stage 2 As medical technology is introduced, a population lives longer as the death rate is lower from the rates of stage one. Crude Birth Rate: High 40+ / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: Lower 15 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: Very High 25+/1,000

Demographic Transition - Stage 3 As the wealth and education of a country increases, social norms, and use of contraception dictate the birth of fewer children per woman. Crude Birth Rate: Lower 20 / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: Low 10 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: Low 10 / 1000

Demographic Transition - Stage 4 As the final stage in the transition of population characteristics, the fourth stage sees the population increase rate again at 0. This stage reflects a highly industrialized, educated society. Crude Birth Rate: Low 10 / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: Low 10 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: None 0 / 1,000

Population Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Solutions to Population Growth Education Birth Control Socialization Abortion Sterilization Government mandate Population redistribution

Solutions to Population Growth Migration to resource rich areas Empowerment of Women $ for contraception & education Improving farming techniques in poor areas Sterilization Educating men w/ responsibility for birth control Changing cultural norms to value girls

Solutions to Population Growth Addressing traditional religious values that may encourage gender preference and large families Starvation Medical technology - costs of maintaining vulnerable populations (old & young) Disease Biological Warfare

Solutions to Population Growth Redistribution of wealth - improve standard of living for poor so that children aren’t as necessary Addressing government policies to deal with their growing populations Environmental pollution causing higher death rates