Recycling & Waste Management Industry Prospects Investor Event sponsored by UKSIF & Norton Rose London, March 24, 2017 By Ranjit Baxi, J & H Sales International Ltd

Recycled Raw Materials

A WORLDWIDE MARKET – SCRAP PAPER

A WORLDWIDE MARKET – STEEL SCRAP

A WORLDWIDE MARKET – ALUMINIUM SCRAP

Global Flow of Plastic Packaging Materials in 2013

Plastic Recycling Challenges Source Segregation of waste collected. Improved collection system. Improvements in sorting systems. Recyclable plastic is a source of raw material for manufacturing – high quality standard very important. Understanding of the varies grades and applications.

UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals Recycling promotes many of these sustainable goals. Recycling also saves 700 million tonnes of carbon emission annually. Recycling promotes employment and education. Recycling saves landfills. Recycling promotes sustainable clean cities.

Sustainable World Through Recycling

Plastic Lifecycle From waste to final product Household waste End-of-life Collection Usage New end product Sorting Pressing into plastic bales Production Grinding and washing of plastic bales Secondary raw materials Processing of plastic streams

Chain Collaboration Example: two wheel containers MUNICIPALITIES

PUBLIC SECTOR & MARINE PLASTIC Chain Collaboration Example: Low Quality Streams PUBLIC SECTOR & MARINE PLASTIC

Chain Collaboration Example: Closing the Loops CONSUMERS

Benefits & Challenges of Plastic Recycling Plastics is the 2nd largest recyclable material (17-25%) after Paper (65-70%) of the total recyclable waste found in any economy. One ton of recycled plastic saves 5,774 kWh of energy, 16.3 barrels (2,604 litres) of oil, 98 million Btus of energy, and 22 cubic metres of landfill. There is an 80 to 90 percent reduction in energy consumption by producing recycled plastic compared with producing plastic from virgin materials (oil and gas). Fourteen billion lbs of garbage, mostly plastic, is dumped into the oceans every year. It is estimated that 100 million tons of plastic waste is floating in the Pacific Ocean covering an area twice the size of the continental United States. This ‘plastic soup’ off the California Coast across the northern Pacific, past Hawaii and almost as far as Japan is held in place by underwater currents. Recycling a single plastic bottle can conserve enough energy to light a 60-watt bulb for up to six hours. Recycling 5 PET plastic bottles produces enough fibre for one T-shirt.

Benefits & Challenges of Plastic Recycling Worldwide trade of recyclable plastics is valued at $5 billion per year and is estimated to represent a total of 12 million tonnes. Europe recycles about 23% - 25% of plastic waste per year equal to approximately 6 million tonnes. A recent study shows that if all land filled plastics waste are recycled or recovered into energy, then 7% of EU quota of carbon emissions will be fulfilled. The challenge in the plastic industry is exactly the same as the waste paper industry in that we have to find ways of sorting these different streams into more usable and identifiable grades; contamination includes the sugary liquid in many soft drinks bottles which have to be prewashed, a facility not all recycling plants possess. Plastics is one of the most expensive and complicated wastes to recycle. In a dedicated facility the process of recycling plastic is first sorting and washing then shredding, classifying and extruding. Sorting is important because different plastics mixed together produce a poor quality product. The extrusion element involves melting the sorted and classified waste into pellets which are sold to manufacturers. The technology to sort by colour and type exists but the operator has to decide how many if any optical colour sorters to put along a conveyor belt and that will depend on the volume handled before the investment can be justified.

Thank you for listening