Land Policy and Urban Development in Mali: COping with the Data Quality Challenge Monique Bertrand, IRD (France) Mamy Soumaré, USSGB; Samba Dembélé, IER (Mali) Land and Poverty Conference

sources of analysis, thanks to the MDEAF Toward a land management reform in Mali: Preliminary overview on the delivery of land titles Mali faces a multiform lack of security addressing access to land and property rights; the “cadastre” as a ready-to- use solution? The titling process is still hegemonic: Need for a preliminary appraisal of the Land Registry sources of analysis, thanks to the MDEAF => “Registre foncier urbain” (RFU numeric Database on registered titles) => Formal properties georeferenced data (DOSSTECH files)

Targeting the titling process in and around Bamako: Urban sprawl and planning require a data policy Number of titles delivered by Region in Mali, 2006-2014 Number of titles in Bamako and surrounding since the 1990s (RFU, updated in 2012-2014)

Land registration faces technical limits and deregulation since the 2000s Information on land titles and their owners (RFU) is not related to geo-referencing data (Properties’ spatial coordinates: DOSSTECH) Data entry depends on external resources and is not continuous: no update since 2012 for Kati ; since 2006 for the Regions of Mali; since 2014 for Bamako The RFU database is encumbered with empty data fields; lack of reporting Lack of control in data entry: blank records, various inconsistencies, uncorrected errors Available data are not categorized nor ready to be statistically processed Main fields of information delivered => Cleaned and categorized datain Kati District (Source: RFU)

5 major findings about land markets, fragmentation and speculation Exponential growth of the number of land property titles Spatial dissemination around Bamako District, discussion about the road factor and other discreet logics of spreading and scattering Administrative and technical pathways to land registration Public / private partnership or concurrence for the delivery of housing plots Socio-economic polarisation of this secured ownership in the hands of specific groups of interest

Two pathways for land registration: confirmation in the 2014 Survey Recent titling in Kati District: New registration vs Subdivision More than 1 ha vs Less than 500 m² properties

Few public reserves, lack of land allocation from the State of Mali to the local authorities Number of titles registered in the name of State of Mali / real estate operators

Land accumulation, socio-economic polarization in the rural fringe of Bamako Individual owners: professional categories in Kati District before /after 2007 (Source: RFU database updated in 2012) Number of mortgages granted on the land titles by banks in Bamako and Kati districts (Source: RFU database updated in 2012-2014)

To be continued… Thank you for your attention Monique Bertrand, IRD (France) Mamy Soumaré, USSGB; Samba Dembélé, IER (Mali) Land and Poverty Conference

An overview of the titling process: spatial dissemination around the capital city 1909-1991 1992-2001 Number of titles delivered in Bamako District and peri-urban environment, by commune and period of urban sprawl (Sources: RFU 2012-2014) 5 major findings 2002-2006 2007-2012