Vocabulary Review Ecology
Portion of earth that supports life. Biosphere
Nonliving elements in an ecosystem. Abiotic Factors
Living elements in an ecosystem. Biotic Factors
All the individuals of the same species in an area. Population
A collection of interacting populations. Community
The community plus the physical factors in an area. Ecosystem
Variety of life in an area, usually measured as the number of species can live in an area. Biodiversity
The place where organisms live out their lives. Habitat
The role and position a species has in its environment. Niche
Animals that kill and eat other animals. Predator
Animals that predators hunt, kill and eat. Prey
The act of one organism feeding on another. Predation
A word that means “living together.” Symbiosis
A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited. Commensalism
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit. Mutualism
A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other. Parasitism
Organisms that are able to make their own food. Autotrophs
Organisms that are not able to make their own food Organisms that are not able to make their own food. They must ingest food. Heterotrophs
Organisms that obtain nutrients by eating other organisms. Consumers
Animals that feed on animals that have already died. Scavengers
Organisms that feed on dead or decaying plants or animals break them down into simpler molecules and return them to the soil. Decomposers
A simple model that scientists use to show how matter and energy move through an ecosystem. Food Chain
Feeding step in a food chain. Trophic Level
Energy decreases as tropic level increases. (True or False)
Only 10 percent of energy is transferred from one tropic level to the next. (True or False)
The initial source of energy for ecological pyramids is energy from where? The Sun
Cycle where water is reused over and over again. The Water Cycle
The air is what percent nitrogen. 78%
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight & chlorophyll C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis
6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy Cellular Respiration
Plant-eaters Herbivores
Organism that eat plants and animals Omnivore
Organism that eat only animals. Carnivore
It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers. (True or False)
Interconnected food chains that show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem Food Web
A J-shaped curve shows what type of population growth? Exponential Growth
Cutting down trees to build houses. Deforestation
This gas causes global warming. Increased CO2
Another name for autotrophic Nutrition. Photosynthesis
The number of organisms of one species that an environment can support. Carrying Capacity
Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, of distribution of organisms. Limiting Factor
The study of human population growth characteristics. Demography
Movement of individuals into a population. Immigration
Movement of individuals out of a population. Emigration
An increase in the size of a population over time. Population Growth
An S-Shaped curve shows what kind of population growth Logistic Growth