LO: to compare the Sioux to other plains tribes Enquiry 2: How and why were people reimagining the American West? 1839-60? The Sioux way of life LO: to compare the Sioux to other plains tribes STARTER You have just completed enquiry 1: What tensions arose as the US grew? America’s Expansion 1789-1838. Can you now list some of the key tensions that arose from America’s expansion? Literacy task: How many words can you make from ‘buffalo’ and ‘horses’?

What do you think life was like for them? From what we know, what kind of characteristics do you think the Sioux would need to be successful? What do you think life was like for them? Great Plains - One of the largest areas and perhaps most famous group of American Indians, the Great Plains Indians were known for hunting bison. They were nomadic people who lived in teepees and they moved constantly following the bison herds. One of the most successful Plains tribes were the Sioux.

One of the most important aspects of the Sioux Indian life was the bison. They used all of the bison, not just it’s meat for food. They used the skin and fur for blankets and cloths. They tanned the hides to make the coverings for their teepees. Bones were used as tools. The bison hair was used to make ropes and the tendons could be used for sewing thread and bow strings.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rpzv3Ubaa0

Bison are huge and dangerous animals Bison are huge and dangerous animals. The Sioux had to be brave and clever to hunt them. Sometimes a brave would run the bison down with his horse and use a spear or an arrow to take down the bison. This was difficult and dangerous, but could be done with practice and skill. Before they had horses, the Sioux would cause a large herd of bison to stampede toward a cliff. 

Key words Nomad – someone with no fixed home Nomadic lifestyle – a nomad’s way of life Tipi (tepee) – a Native American tent Travois – how the tipi was transported. From these key words, what can you learn about the importance of the buffalo?

Task Should: Match uses to the correct part of the buffalo. Could: What do some of these uses tell you about Native American culture? Task Fur Bones Rawhide Skull Fat Brains Tail Horns worksheet Dung Beard Stomach Hooves

FUR Winter robes, sleeping blankets, clothing. Check answers

How important were horses? Prior to Europeans arriving and bringing horses with them, there weren't any horses in America. The Sioux Indians would walk everywhere and hunting would take a long time. When they moved their village they couldn't carry too much and the teepees needed to be small enough so that their dogs could drag them along. When horses arrived, everything changed. The Sioux could now make much larger teepees to live in and could move a lot more stuff with them when the village relocated. Horses also made it much easier to travel and hunt buffalo. Food and buffalo skins became much more abundant. Date Tribe Tipis Indians Horses 1860 Blackfoot 300 2400 1869 Comanche 2538 7614 1871 Crow 460 4000 9500 Oglala and Brule Sioux 600 5000 2000 Pawnee 260 2364 1050 1878 Hunkpapa/Miniconjou Sioux 360 2900 3500 Prior to Europeans arriving and bringing horses with them, there weren't any horses in America. The Sioux Indians would walk everywhere and hunting would take a long time. When they moved their village they couldn't carry too much and the teepees needed to be small enough so that their dogs could drag them along. When horses arrived, everything changed. The Sioux could now make much larger teepees to live in and could move a lot more stuff with them when the village relocated. Horses also made it much easier to travel and hunt buffalo. Both food and buffalo skins became much more abundant. Which tribe was the largest? Which tribe had the most sources? For each tribe, work out the ratio of horses to Indians. Which tribe was the richest? EXTENSION: Explain why horses made the Sioux more successful.

Explain why the buffalo was important to the Plains Indians Task Explain why the buffalo was important to the Plains Indians Success Criteria: DO – use connectives to explain why the buffalo was important to the Plains Indians. DO – 2 P.E.E. paragraphs! DON’T – just describe features of the buffalo the Indians used. 5 minutes ‘The buffalo was important to the Plains Indians because… for example…so…therefore….’ ‘Also, the buffalo was important because… for example…so…therefore….’ End

Model Answer ‘The buffalo was important to the Plains Indians because it provided a lot of key materials for them to survive, for example, the fur provided warmth in the harsh winters. So this allowed for the young, elderly and others to survive, therefore the reliance on the buffalo was extremely important.’ ‘Also, the buffalo was important to the Plains Indians because they were a nomadic society, and they needed material from the buffalo to cater for their lifestyle. For example, the skin or hide produced tipis, so they could set up camp easily, therefore keeping up with the migration of the buffalo.’ Look at your own work: is there anything from this answer you could add to yours?

Peer Assessment Explain why the buffalo was important to the Plains Indians Mark Scheme: OK – just describes some of the important factors of the buffalo. Good – one detailed explained point of the importance of the buffalo. Great– two detailed explained points. Read through your partner’s answer and complete the following tasks. Have they used a P.E.E paragraph? If so give them a WWW for this. Read through this mark scheme and score your partner’s work using the mark scheme. Explain to them why they got this level. Give them a target to help them improve their work.

TASK Chief Del Boy has got some gear he needs to flog as quick as he can. He has some top quality products from the buffalo he needs to sell to Plains Indians. Write a market speech encouraging Plains Indians to buy your buffalo products. Must: Describe at least 3 items from the buffalo you wish to sell. What could the Plains Indians use them for? Should: Explain the importance of each product for survival on the Plains. Could: Explain how these products are adaptable to the nomadic lifestyle of the Plains Indians!

Buffalo Bingo!!! Preparation 1. Draw out a small 3x3 grid at the back of your book as shown. The squares need to be big enough to write your key words in. 2. Pick nine key words from the selection on the board. The Game 3. As each random “use” or definition is read out, check your grid. If you have the word that matches, cross it off your grid. 4. The winner is the first person to cross off all their nine words from the grid.

RAW HIDE Great Plains TAIL DUNG BLADDER INTESTINES FAT TENDONS RIBS Choose only nine words from this selection. RAW HIDE Great Plains TAIL DUNG BLADDER INTESTINES FAT TENDONS RIBS FUR HAIR HOOVES BONES TONGUE SKULL HORNS SHOULDER BLADES Nomadic Teepee Sioux

How did the Plains Indians live on the Great Plains? LO: to describe key features of life for the Plains’ Indians STARTER What three things did you learn about the Plains’ Indians last lesson? Possible extension of topic/ second lesson

TASK You are going to create an information booklet on life for the Plains’ Indians covering these topics: Who were the Plains’ Indians? Where they lived, different tribes and organisation. Land and Hunting Everyday life (tipis/ marriage/ roles of men, women and children) Beliefs and religion

Share your work with the class and explain what you have learned. Plenary Share your work with the class and explain what you have learned.