Gastrointestinal System

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Presentation transcript:

Gastrointestinal System 2013

Overview Structural Motility Parasitic Mal-absorption

Objectives Discuss selected Gastrointestinal Disorders related to pediatrics Distinguish between structural defects, motility defects, mal absorption, and parasitic Discuss Pathophysiologic processes of Gastrointestinal disorders Identify Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal disorders Recognize dehydration and appropriate interventions

Signs & Symptoms Feeding Difficulties Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Abdominal Pain Blood in Vomit or Stool

Structural Defects Head Esophagus and Stomach Intestines cleft lip and cleft palate Esophagus and Stomach esophageal atresia Tracheoesophageal fistula Pyloric stenosis Intestines Intussusception Hirschsprungs

Cleft Lip & Palate Pathophysiology Symptoms Treatment Nursing Care Failure to fuse Environment & Genetic Symptoms Apparent at birth Treatment Surgical repair Nursing Care Emotional support Postoperative care Growth & Development

Esophageal Atresia Tracheoesophageal Fistula Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care

Pyloric Stenosis Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment obstruction Symptoms vomiting Diagnosis Olive size mass Upper GI Treatment Surgery Nursing Care

Intussception Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Telescoping of intestine Symptoms Episodes of pain Current jelly stool Diagnosis History X ray Treatment Barium enema Surgery Nursing Care Fluid & electrolyte balance

Hirschsprung Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care Congenital Symptoms No meconium Ribbon like stool Diagnosis History Radiographic studies Treatment Surgery Nursing Care Observation for meconium Fluid & electrolytes

Motility Gastroenteritis Gastroesophageal Reflux Encopresis

Gastroenteritis Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care

Dehydration Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care Fluid loss Symptoms Vomiting/diarrhea Diagnosis Physical assessment Treatment Rehydration Oral IV/sub q Nursing Care Monitor intake /output Vital signs

Gastroesophageal Reflux Pathophysiology Relaxation of esophageal sphincter Symptoms Regurgitation Diagnosis Upper GI Treatment Rice cereal Proton Pump inhibitors Histamine H2 receptor antagonist Nursing Care Intake/output Parent educatni

Encopresis (constipation) Pathophysiology Impacted stool Symptoms Abdominal pain Liquid stool Diagnosis X ray Treatment Go-lytly Diet modification Nursing Care Parent education

Parasitic Pinworm Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Ingestion of eggs Symptoms Itching around anus Diagnosis tape Treatment Mebendazole Pyrantel Nursing Care Education Handwashing

Mal-absorption Celiac Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care

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