1. Understand disorders of the digestive system

2. 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system
Understand the functions and disorders of the Digestive System Essential questions
What are the common disorders of the digestive system?
How are disorders of the digestive system treated?
How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the digestive system?
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3. Disorders of the digestive system
Anorexia nervosa
Psychiatric disorder
Eating disorder characterized by refusal to eat
No matter how skinny or small they still see themselves as fat
Common in teenagers
Anorexia
Decreased or poor appetite due to illness
Symptom
Weight loss
Tiredness
dehydration VS 3

4. Disorders of the digestive system
Dental Caries
Another name is cavities
Where the tooth is decaying or rotting
Brushing and flossing teeth are preventative measures
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5. Disorders of the digestive system
Cholecystitis
It is inflammation of the gallbladder
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6. Disorders of the digestive system
Cholecystitis
Symptoms
Pain the URQ
Feeling of heartburn
Nausea
Vomiting
Fever
Chills
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7. Disorders of the digestive system
Cholecystitis
Treated with pain medication and surgery
Cholelithiasis: stones in the gallbladder
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8. Disorders of the digestive system
Cleft palate
Where the hard palate in the mouth did not form
There is a hole in the roof of the mouth
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9. Disorders of the digestive system
Cleft palate
Babies have eating problems, unable to nurse or suck on bottle
Ear infections
Voice changes
Dental issues
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10. Disorders of the digestive system
Cleft palate
You are born with this condition
It is congenital
What specialist(s) should be
consulted to correct a cleft palates?
A plastic surgeon fixes cleft palates
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11. Disorders of the digestive system
Cirrhosis
What is cirrhosis?
A chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue.
It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis
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12. Disorders of the digestive system
Cirrhosis
What are the symptoms?
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin) due to accumulation of bilirubin in the blood
Fatigue
Weakness
Loss of appetite
Itching
Easy bruising from decreased production of blood clotting factors by the diseased liver 12

13. Disorders of the digestive system
Constipation
What is constipation?
Not being able to pass stool 3 or less times a week
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14. Disorders of the digestive system
Constipation
What are some causes?
Medication, in particular narcotics
Dehydration
Eating the wrong foods
What is obstipation?
A complete blockage
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15. Disorders of the digestive system
How can constipation
be prevented?
Drink plenty of fluids
Eat a high fiber diet
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16. Disorders of the digestive disorders
Diarrhea
Define diarrhea
Passing stool to quickly without water being able to be absorbed therefore the stool is more liquid
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17. Disorders of the digestive disorders
Diarrhea
What causes it?
Virus
emotional
What are the effects on your health?
Electrolyte imbalance
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18. Disorders of the digestive disorders
Gastroenteritis
What is gastroenteritis?
Inflammation of the stomach and the intestines
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19. Disorders of the digestive disorders
Gastroenteritis
What causes it?
It is a viral infection
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20. Disorders of the digestive disorders
Gastroenteritis
Symptoms:
Nausea
Vomiting
Dehydration
Diarrhea
What healthcare professional would you see for treatment?
Gastroenterologist who specializes in stomach and intestines 20

21. Disorders of the digestive system
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Causes the acid to
go back up to the esophagus and
into the mouth
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22. Disorders of the digestive system
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
What are some common causes of GERD?
Spicy food
Snacking close to bedtime
Laying flat after eating
overeating
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23. Disorders of the digestive system
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver from viral illness
Acute - less than 6 months
Chronic - greater than 6 months
Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E
Which hepatitis virus has a vaccine?
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24. Disorders of the digestive system
Hepatitis
What are some common symptoms of hepatitis?
Yellow tint to skin and eyes
Itching
Fluid in abdomen (3rd space)
Which hepatitis virus has a vaccine?
Hepatitis B has a vaccine 24

25. Disorders of the digestive system
Irritable bowel syndrome
A widespread condition involving recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea or constipation, often associated with stress, depression, anxiety, or previous intestinal infection.
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26. Disorders of the digestive system
Irritable bowel syndrome
Treatments relate to:
Lifestyle
Diet
Medication
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27. Disorders of the digestive system
Irritable bowel syndrome
Limit caffeine and alcohol
Limit intake of fatty foods
If diarrhea is main symptom, limit dairy products, fruit and artificial sweeteners such as sorbitol or xylitol
Increase fiber in your diet to help relieve constipation
Avoid foods such as beans, cabbage, or uncooked cauliflower and broccoli to help relieve bloating or gas. 27

28. Disorders of the digestive system
Peptic ulcer
What is a peptic ulcer?
A “sore” on the mucous lining
In the stomach it is called a gastric ulcer
In the Upper small intestine are called duodenal ulcers
What causes it?
How is it treated?
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29. Disorders of the digestive system
Peptic ulcer
What causes it?
Helicobacter pylori is the bacteria that causes the ulcer
How is it treated?
Antibiotic for bacteria
Acid reducer for stomach to allow healing
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30. Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system
Healthy dietary habits help maintain homeostasis of body systems
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31. Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system
Vitamins
Fat soluble
Vitamins A, D, E, K
Water soluble
Vitamins C, B
Electrolytes
Calcium
Chloride
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sodium
What roles do electrolytes and vitamins play in the digestive system?
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32. 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system
Essential questions
What are the common disorders of the digestive system?
How are disorders of the digestive system treated?
How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the digestive system?
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