Plants and Their Adaptations

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Presentation transcript:

Plants and Their Adaptations How Natural Materials are Reused Plants and Their Adaptations

Natural Cycles Materials on earth are used and then reused Air stores oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide Rocks store iron, copper, magnesium, and calcium Materials are used in various cycles Erosion releases stored materials in rocks These materials dissolve in water and become part of the soil Animals drink the water to get some of the materials they need Animals get most of the materials they need by eating Animals release materials in their waste Plants are part of these cycles Plants get materials from soil and the air Plants release materials into the air After dying, plants and animals decay and release more materials into the environment The cycles are continuous

The Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen is needed by all organisms Plants make proteins from nitrogen in the soil Animals get nitrogen from these proteins Atmosphere is 78% nitrogen Most organisms can’t use this nitrogen Nitrogen Cycle fixes or changes nitrogen into a form that plants can use (nitrates and ammonia) Bacteria in the soil, nodules on roots of plants, and lightning can fix (change) nitrogen into a usable form Nitrates and ammonia get returned to the soil Solid waste of animals contain nitrates Urine contains ammonia Nitrates and ammonia are released when dead animals and plants decompose

Changing the Balance Carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle stays in balance because of plants The Industrial Revolution (when humans began to use machines fueled by wood and coal) started 200 years ago and has changed the balance of the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle Factories using huge amounts of fuels Cutting down forests for lumber Burning wood and coal Mining for coal Burning wood and coal has been replaced with natural gas and petroleum adding even more carbon dioxide to the air Carbon dioxide is poisonous to animals and trees are still being cut for paper, lumber, and other human needs (farms, homes, cities)