Chapter 8 Launching a New Nation 1789-1800 Section 1: Washington Takes Office LEQ: What political challenges faced the new nation? How did the new nation implement the framework of the Constitution? What economic challenges faced the new nation?

What you will do Discuss how the new government was organized during Washington’s presidency. Explain why the new nation faced an economic crisis. Describe how Washington responded to the Whiskey Rebellion. Identify the three parts of Hamilton’s financial plan.

What you will Know Inauguration Bond Henry Knox Unconstitutional tariff Alexander Hamilton Whiskey Rebellion

Oath of office

The First President George Washington April of 1789 Traveled from Virginia to the nation’s capital New York City April 30, 1789 Inaugurated Oath of office

The First President Executive Branch Carries out and enforces the laws 1st job of the President and the Congress Create a working government Congress created three departments for the executive branch Treasury, State, and War Each department headed by a secretary

The First President The Cabinet Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson Secretary of the Treasury Thomas Jefferson Secretary of State Henry Knox Secretary of War Edmund Randolph Attorney General

The First President Judiciary Branch Judiciary Act of 1789 John Jay Supreme Court of 6 justices 3 circuit courts and 13 district courts John Jay 1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

The Nation’s First Economic Crisis To pay for the American Revolution $52 million in debt The government issued… Bonds to help fund the war A certificate issued for money with the promise to pay back the initial money with interest Problem Large amount of debt

The Nation’s First Economic Crisis $150,000

Check on Learning Who was the first President of the United States? What were the new executive departments? Why was there such a large public debt? How did the United States fund the War?

Hamilton’s Financial Plan To help solve the country’s financial crisis Alexander Hamilton- Treasury Secretary 3 part plan for reducing the debt U.S. government assumes all federal and state debt U.S. government will establish a national bank U.S. government will impose a high tax or tariff on goods imported into the country The tariff was rejected by Congress while parts 1 & 2 were passed in 1791

Hamilton’s Financial Plan To get southern support for Hamilton’s plan An agreement was reached The agreement- 1790 The government would build its new capital in the south Along the banks of the Potomac River Between Virginia and Maryland The tariff or import tax would not be passed into law Southerners opposed it because they bought more foreign goods

The Whiskey Rebellion 1791 Congressed imposed a tax… Purpose… Outcome… On whiskey made and sold in the U.S. “Whiskey Tax” Purpose… To raise funds for the treasury Outcome… Backcountry farmers revolted and protested the new tax Refused to pay the tax Compared the tax to those passed by Britain

The Whiskey Rebellion Whiskey Rebellion… Washington’s response 1794 in Western Pennsylvania Farmers rebelled Angry mob marched through Pittsburgh Washington’s response 13,000 troops to Pittsburgh To show federal government strength The farmers dispersed

Whiskey Rebellion What differences are there between Shays’ Rebellion and the Whiskey Rebellion? Explain Think- pair - share

Checks on Learning Which part of Hamilton’s financial plan was rejected by Congress? To help garner support from the south for Hamilton’s plan, what compromise was made? What was the cause of the Whiskey Rebellion? What was the outcome of the Whiskey Rebellion?