Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Stirling cycle: (a) 1-2 isothermal compression at Ta, (b) 2-3 constant volume regenerative cooling, (c) 3-4 isothermal expansion at Ta, and (d) 4-1 constant volume regenerative heating

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Temperature chart: boiling point at atmospheric pressure

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Unit power of a constant temperature refrigeration cycle as a function of refrigeration temperature at various Carnot cycle efficiencies

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Classification of refrigeration methods based on the type of variation of pressure and flow rate in the cycle during steady state operation

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Thermo-acoustically driven orifice pulse tube refrigerator

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Two-stage pulse tube refrigerator

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: (a) Vapor compression cycle, (b) T-s diagram, (c) P-H diagram, and (d) superimposition of Carnot refrigeration (continuous lines) and ideal vapor compression cycles (dashed lines)

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Ideal versus real vapor compression cycles

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Cascade system with two levels. In the upper sketch, the left-hand circuit is low temperature circuit

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Kleemenko cycle mixed gas refrigeration cycle for the liquefaction of natural gas

Date of download: 9/30/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Review of Refrigeration Methods in the Temperature Range 4–300 K J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2011;3(2):020801-020801-19. doi:10.1115/1.4003701 Figure Legend: Typical temperature profiles of the hot and cold fluid streams of the heat exchangers of a Kleemenko cycle natural gas liquefier operating with refrigerant mixtures