Elements. Compounds and Chemical Reactions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

1. What are the building blocks of matter? answer Elements.

2. Give some metallic properties? answer Conduct electricity and heat Malleable (bend into shape) Ductile (draw into wires) Most of them are strong

3. Where in the Periodic Table would you find the METALS and the NON-METALS? answer Metals are found to the Left Hand Side of the zigzag line; Non-metals to the Right Hand Side of the zig-zag line

4. What is meant by a property of a chemical? answer A property of a chemical is what it is like or what it can do chemically

5. Why are certain elements in the same group? answer Because they have similar chemical properties

6. What are ATOMS? answer Atoms are very small, particles which make up every element. They are too small to see.

7. What is a PERIOD in the periodic table? answer A row of elements

8. What is a GROUP in the Periodic Table? answer A column of elements

Lead – Pb Gold – Au Sodium – Na Potassium – K Iron - Fe 9. Use the Periodic Table in your planner. Give the SYMBOLS for the elements : lead, gold, sodium, potassium and iron? Lead – Pb Gold – Au Sodium – Na Potassium – K Iron - Fe answer

10. What are compounds? answer Substances made of two or more different types of atom joined together.

Two or more non metal atoms joined together 11. What is a molecule? answer Two or more non metal atoms joined together Can be element e.g. O2, H2 OR compound e.g. H2O, CO

12. What is the difference between a compound and a mixture? answer The atoms of a compound are joined together. The substances in a mixture are NOT joined and can be easily separated.

Using ELECTRICITY to break up a compound. 13. What is ELECTROLYSIS? answer Using ELECTRICITY to break up a compound.

14. What is always formed in a chemical reaction? answer A new substance is always formed a chemical reaction

15. Sort these into chemical reaction and physical change. answer Hair growing, Ice melting, Match burning, Baking cake, Firework exploding, Boiling water Chemical Reaction Physical Change Hair growing Ice melting Match burning Boiling Water Baking cake Firework exploding

Permanent colour change Gas produced (effervescence) 16. What changes might indicate that a chemical reaction has taken place? answer Energy change Permanent colour change Gas produced (effervescence) Solid formed from two solutions (precipitation)

17. What is an EXOTHERMIC reaction? answer A reaction which releases energy.

Effervescence is bubbling and fizzing when a gas is given off . 18. What is EFFERVESCENCE? answer Effervescence is bubbling and fizzing when a gas is given off .

19. What is a PRECIPITATE? answer A precipitate is a solid which is formed when two solutions react together

20. What does -ide at the end of the name of a compound indicate? answer IDE means that the compound is made up of the TWO elements (the actual elements are obvious from the compound’s name).

Methane + Oxygen  Carbon + Water 21. Write a word equation for: Methane burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. Water is also produced. answer Methane + Oxygen  Carbon + Water Dioxide

22. Write the basic chemical formula for water. answer H2O

23. Write the basic chemical formula for carbon dioxide. answer CO2

24. Name FOUR factors which. affect the 24. Name FOUR factors which affect the speed (or rate) of a chemical reaction? Particle Size (Surface Area) Temperature Concentration Use of Catalyst

25. What is a catalyst? A substance which can speed up a reaction, but is not used up in the reaction and can be recovered chemically unchanged

Catalysts from living things (Biological catalysts) 26. What are ENZYMES? Catalysts from living things (Biological catalysts)

27. When can a catalyst NOT speed up a reaction? SOME reactions DO NOT have a catalyst.

As reactant concentration increases the speed of reaction increases. 28. Describe how the concentration of reactants affects the speed of a reaction? As reactant concentration increases the speed of reaction increases.

29. Describe how particle size affects the speed of reaction? As particle size decreases the speed of reaction increases

30. Describe how temperature affects the speed of reaction? As temperature increases the speed of reaction increases

31. Why does decreasing the particle 31. Why does decreasing the particle size of reactants increase the speed of reaction? Smaller particles give a bigger surface area. This results in more collisions between reactants and therefore faster reactions

32. What is a VARIABLE? Any factor in an experiment which can be changed or varied. e.g. concentration or temperature of the solution used

33. Rates Experiments Which two of the following experiments could be used to find the effect of changing the particle size?

2M hydrochloric acid at 150C 2g of small chalk lumps A 2M hydrochloric acid at 150C 2g of small chalk lumps B 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C answer 1M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2g of small chalk lumps D C 2g of large chalk lump 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C

34. Rates Experiments Which two of the following experiments could be used to find the effect of changing the concentration of the acid?

A B D C answer 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of large chalk lump C

35. Rates Experiments Which two of the following experiments could be used to find the effect of changing the temperature of the acid?

A B D C answer 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of large chalk lump C

36. What is the test for hydrogen? answer Burns with a pop.

37. What is the test for oxygen? answer Relights a glowing splint.

38. What is the test for carbon dioxide? answer Turns lime water cloudy.