JFK and LBJ

Election of 1960 Kennedy (D) vs. Nixon (R) 1st televised debates (favored JFK) JFK controversy: religion, youth Kennedy won by a slim margin

Election Map

Policy Change Flexible Response: relied less on nuclear weapons and more on conventional weapons

Problems w/ Cuba Fidel Castro Took power from Batista in a revolution (1959) Established close ties to USSR

Bay of Pigs Eisenhower had CIA train Cuban exiles to invade Cuba and gain control of the country JFK decided to continue w/ plan April 1961: invasion a failure; most exiles captured/executed

Cuban Missile Crisis U-2 plane discovered Soviet missiles being built in Cuba US blockaded Cuba US secretly agreed to remove missiles from Turkey if Soviets dismantled theirs in Cuba

Berlin Crisis Many Germans leaving East Berlin to live in West Berlin Khrushchev put up the Berlin Wall (came down in 1989)

Easing Tension Hot line established Limited Test Ban Treaty signed

Promise of Progress The New Frontier Increased minimum wage ($1.25/hour) Peace Corps (attempt to contain communism) Race to the moon (7/20/69- Neil Armstrong)

The Assassination 11/22/63- JFK in Dallas to meet w/ Democrats Oswald arrested and was shot by Jack Ruby as he was being transferred to a new jail Warren Commission- determined Oswald was a lone shooter

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSBXW1-VGmM single bullet conspiracy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opLtOaIrApE Zapruder

Lyndon B. Johnson The Great Society (domestic program) War on Poverty Education- increase federal spending Medicare/Medicaid Department of Housing and Urban Development Immigration Act of 1965 Environment Results: most federal money went to Vietnam

Supreme Court Reform Earl Warren- Chief Justice Banned prayer in schools Loyalty oaths declared unconstitutional Most Supreme Court decisions favored the individual over the government