1. Chapter 19
Kennedy and Johnson

2. 1960 Election John F. Kennedy (D) vs. Richard Nixon (R)
Catholic Vice President
Wealthy family Middle Class
TV debates favor JFK
Nixon looks pale, tired
JFK looks tan, refreshed, relaxed
People who watched debate believed JFK won
JFK wins close victory

3. JFK and Cold War Builds up military
Peace Corps created to help 3rd world nations
Cuba
Fidel Castro leads communist revolution (1959)
U.S. breaks diplomatic ties
CIA plans to train Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro
JFK pressured into Bay of Pigs Invasion (1961) - failure

4. Cold War cont. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) Berlin Wall
U.S. spy planes discover Soviet missiles in Cuba
Major U.S. cities in range of missiles
Brink of nuclear war
JFK decides to institute a quarantine of Cuba
Quarantine successful, USSR removes missiles
Berlin Wall
Tension over Berlin b/w U.S. and USSR
USSR orders wall built separating East and West Berlin

5. John F.Kennedy Promised a “New Frontier”
Improve economy, health care, civil rights, education
Increase minimum wage, improve welfare
Deficit spending, tax cuts to help economy
Challenges NASA to put man on moon
Assassinated in Dallas in 1963
Lee Harvey Oswald
Warren Commission investigates

6. Lyndon Johnson
“Great Society” shares same goals with JFK’s “New Frontier”
Declares a War on Poverty
Train jobless, educate uneducated, provide healthcare
Establish VISTA to send volunteers into poor communities
“Great Society” seeks to end poverty and racial injustice

7. Johnson, cont. Healthcare Federal money to aids education
Medicare and Medicaid
Federal money to aids education
Does not end poverty, but reduces number living in poverty