Substance Use and Abuse 11/18/2017 Substance Use and Abuse Dr. Alan H. Teich Chap 7 - Sarafino

Substance Abuse Addiction Substance Abuse: Physical Dependence 11/18/2017 Substance Abuse Addiction Physical Dependence Psychological Dependence Substance Abuse: clear, persistent pattern of pathological use abuse has led to at least one of the following: missing obligations putting self or others at risk legal difficulties serious social or interpersonal problems

Why People Smoke Starting smoking Regular smoking 11/18/2017 Why People Smoke Starting smoking Psychosocial pressures during teen years Regular smoking 4th cigarette predicts regular smoking Parent, sibling, or friends who smoked Perceived lack of parent concern Peer pressure Positive attitudes about smoking Attitude that smoking would not harm health Psychological reasons Heredity

11/18/2017 Nicotine Nicotine Regulation Model Biobehavioral Model

Smoking & Health Cancer Cardiovascular Disease COPD CHD & Stroke 11/18/2017 Smoking & Health Cancer Cardiovascular Disease CHD & Stroke COPD

Preventing Smoking Public Health Approaches School Programs 11/18/2017 Preventing Smoking Public Health Approaches School Programs Psychosocial Perspective Social Influence Approaches Life Skills Training

Quitting Smoking “Cold Turkey” Oral substitutes 11/18/2017 Quitting Smoking “Cold Turkey” Oral substitutes Alone or with buddy system Use cognitive strategies Reinforcers and punishers “

Treatments for Quitting Smoking 11/18/2017 Treatments for Quitting Smoking Rx Aversion therapies Self-management approaches Rx

Succeeding at Quitting Smoking 11/18/2017 Succeeding at Quitting Smoking Relapse prevention Stress Social support Beliefs and attributions lapses: abstinence violation effect (AVE) Fears of weight gain

Why People Use and Abuse Alcohol 11/18/2017 Why People Use and Abuse Alcohol Starting to drink social and cultural factors learning Problem drinkers Heredity

Drinking Alcohol and Health 11/18/2017 Drinking Alcohol and Health Problems Light / moderate drinking lower morbidity & mortality

Tx for Alcohol Abuse Programs: abstinence or control? AA 11/18/2017 Tx for Alcohol Abuse Programs: abstinence or control? AA Insight Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Methods

Tx Issues Considerations Relapse Cost Matching Tx to the individual 11/18/2017 Tx Issues Considerations Cost Matching Tx to the individual Relapse

Drug Use and Abuse Types and Effects of Drugs 11/18/2017 Drug Use and Abuse Types and Effects of Drugs Stimulants: produce physiological and psychological arousal Depressants: decrease arousal and increase relaxation Hallucinogens: produce perceptual distortions Narcotics: opiates that relieve pain

Who Uses Drugs and Why? Age Gender Sociocultural Differences 11/18/2017 Who Uses Drugs and Why? Age Gender Sociocultural Differences

Preventing and Stopping Drug Abuse 11/18/2017 Preventing and Stopping Drug Abuse Teach resistance (“Just say ‘NO!’”) Most promising treatments include behavioral and cognitive methods For narcotic addiction, chemical treatment may be necessary such as methadone